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Jan Záhořík, Ph.D. Centre of African Studies University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, CZE

Ethiopia in the 21st Century : Changing Alliances , New Enemies , and Political (In)stability. Jan Záhořík, Ph.D. Centre of African Studies University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, CZE. Introduction. Interconnection of global and local

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Jan Záhořík, Ph.D. Centre of African Studies University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, CZE

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  1. Ethiopia in the 21st Century: ChangingAlliances, New Enemies, and Political (In)stability Jan Záhořík, Ph.D. Centre of African Studies University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, CZE

  2. Introduction • Interconnection of global and local • How global trends affect socio-economic and political development of Ethiopia • How local realities influence political (in)stability in Ethiopia

  3. Horn of Africa • War-torn countries: Sudan, Somalia • Instability: Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia • Relative stability: Somaliland (paradoxically??)

  4. Ethiopia at the beginning of the 21st century • Involvement in Somalia‘s conflict • Ogaden, Oromia, Gambella • Cross-border violence, ethnicity • Centralization • Dictatorship

  5. Macro perspective • Until 1990s: EU, USA, etc. • Now: China, India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Iran, United Arab Emirates • Regional hegemony, strategic position

  6. Micro perspective • Meles Zenawi: dictatorship • Ethnic favoritism, elimination of opposition parties/activists • EPRDF: 545 seats of 547

  7. Oromonationalism • Various forms of nationalism • Govt involved in local conflicts and tensions • Diaspora – main sponsor of anti-govt propaganda • Lack of coherence – regional and religious differences • Great potential of Oromia

  8. PoliticalIslam • Recent phenomenon • Saudi Arabia and Iran – ideological export • Dire Dawa, Harar, Jimma • Radical interpretations of Islam • Govt supporting some Islamic organizations = weakening the Oromo nationalism

  9. Whereforeignmeetslocal • Rennaissance dam, etc. • No public debate • Dubious results • Corruption • Land grabbing • International interests vs. local needs and demands

  10. Conclusion • Ethiopiawants to be a regional leader (economic, political, diplomatic) • Internalproblems are so hugethat such projects as Rennaissance dam candramaticallyworsenalreadyfragilesocio- economicsituation • Political and religioustensions on therisedue to thefailureofthegovt to providebasic needsanddemands to ordinarypeople

  11. Thankyouvery much • Merci beaucoup • Vielen dank • Děkuji velice • Mutio obrigado • Tack så mycket • Muchas gracias • Amesegenalehu

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