How Do We Measure Time?

1. How Do We Measure Time? • Time, as we usually use it, is measured in years BC and AD. • BC (Before Christ) counts the years before the Birth of Jesus. • AD (Anno Domini) counts the years after the birth of Jesus. • Now in History we usually use the term BCE (before Common Era) instead of BC and CE (common Era) instead of AD.

2. Timeline example The Birth of Jesus-on Year 1 CE, or A.D. …3 BCE 2 BCE 1 BCE 1 CE 2 CE 3 CE…..

3. Practice

4. Civilization

5. Foldable Notetaking! • We will be creating a foldable time with which to take notes. • Hot dog fold • 2nd hot Dog Fold • Mark of five equal sections (about 1 ¾ in.) with a pencil • Draw a timeline arrow across the length of the foldable, and label it according to the diagram on the next slide.

6. Example Catal Huyuk Mesopotamia Egypt Indus River Yellow River 7000 BCE 3500 BCE 3000 BCE 2500 BCE 2000 BCE cut cut cut cut After copying the writing, use your scissors to cut each line, being careful to NOT CUT THROUGH THE BACK PIECE, this way the timeline will stay together.

7. Use pull out tab for notes • notes • Notes • Notes • Notes • Notes • Notes • Notes

8. And Pull up for Map and Pictures Picture Picture Picture Map

9. Civilization • Surplus (Have more than enough) • Specialization-(different people have different jobs) • Social hierarchy (Some people are more important than others) • Writing-cuneiform(Mesopotamia) • Recording data • Writing laws • Make contracts, treaties • Taxes, census • Write down religious texts • philosophy, literature • “The Other” • Barbarians • Hunter gatherers • Nomadic peoples • Negative impacts • Lack of equality • Environmental impact

10. B. Catal Huyuk Southern Turkey Founded in 7000 BCE Covered 32 acres Mud brick Religious imagery-male hunters and mother goddesses Toolmakers and jewelers Forerunner of the first civilization, in nearby fertile crescent

12. C. Tigris-Euphrates Civilization 3500 BCE Cuneform Called Mesopotamia Used bronze and copper Pottery Invented the wheel Irrigation from rivers nearby Region invaded by Sumerians, who brought cuneiform Statues and frescoes of gods and goddesses Science, astronomy 10, 60, 360-we still use for calculating circles and time. Religious shrines-ziggurats City states Divine authority of kings Invasion of Babylon-Hammurabi Succeeded by the Assyrians and then the Persians.

14. D. Egypt Nile river 3000 BCE Stayed unified due to its being less open to invasion Pharaoh-God king Government directed economy No independent business class like Mesopotamia Irrigation from the Nile Pyramids (from 2700 BCE) Some interaction with the Kingdom of Kush Art, mathematics(24 hour day) Egypt heavily influenced Mediterranean cultures

16. E. Indus river valley 2500 BCE-Indus river in India Large cities of Harappa and MohenjoDaro Running water Trade contacts with Mesopotamia Distinct alphabet and art Jewelry and metal working-use of Bronze

18. Yellow river (Huanghe) in china Considerable isolation Some overland trading with india Godlike kings of myth-P’an Ku By 2000 BCE, they had advanced technology Riding horses Skilled pottery 1000 BCE they had iron Ideographic symbols on bone Science and astronomy arose early on Music develops early according to oral legend Simple mud houses Shang dynasty(1500 BCE) created massive tombs and palaces

20. Time Quiz