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Emission Spectroscopy Based upon Plasma, Arc, and Spark Atomization

Arc Higher Temperature Lower interelement interference Single set of excitation conditions can excite multiple elements Permit low detection limits for refractory complexes Larger linear range Can directly measure hard to measure samples. Flame Simpler, less expensive instrumentation

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Emission Spectroscopy Based upon Plasma, Arc, and Spark Atomization

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  1. Arc Higher Temperature Lower interelement interference Single set of excitation conditions can excite multiple elements Permit low detection limits for refractory complexes Larger linear range Can directly measure hard to measure samples Flame Simpler, less expensive instrumentation Lower operating costs Greater reproducibility Emission Spectroscopy Based upon Plasma, Arc, and Spark Atomization

  2. Emission Spectroscopies Cont. • Plasma (def.) Electrically conducting gaseous mixture containing significant concentrations of cations and electrons • ICP and DCP

  3. Inductively Coupled Plasma • Inductively coupled means that the plasma is generated due to differences in the magnetic field and currents • Temp. very hot (4000-8000K) • Good & bad

  4. Direct Current Plasma (DCP) • Plasma forms by bringing graphite and W electrodes in contact with one another • Temp @ core 10,000K in viewing region 5000K

  5. DCP is an order of magnitude less sensitive than ICP Similar reproducibilities DCP requires less Ar Auxillary power less expensive in DCP Graphite electrode must be replaced every couple of hours ICP DCP Comparison

  6. Comparison of Plasma to Flame Emission Sources • Plasma sources offer significantly better quantitative data than do other flame emission sources - High stability - Low noise - Low background - Freedom from interferences

  7. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  8. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  9. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  10. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  11. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  12. Comparison between Atomic Absorption & Emission Techniques

  13. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques

  14. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques

  15. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques

  16. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques

  17. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques

  18. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  19. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  20. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  21. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  22. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  23. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  24. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

  25. Comparison of Metal Spectroscopic Techniques continued

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