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Phylum Annelida

Phylum Annelida. “Segmented Worms”. http://treephort.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/earthworm1.jpg. Closed circulatory system Complete digestive tract Excretory organs = Nephridia Paired epidermal setae (hair-like bristles) Nervous system = Ventral nerve cord(s) with ganglia

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Phylum Annelida

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  1. Phylum Annelida “Segmented Worms” http://treephort.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/earthworm1.jpg

  2. Closed circulatory system • Complete digestive tract • Excretory organs = Nephridia • Paired epidermal setae (hair-like bristles) • Nervous system = Ventral nerve cord(s) with ganglia • Segmented body parts = Metamerism • 3 advantages of metamerism: • Provides advanced locomotion • Lessens the impact of injury • Allows certain parts of body to have specialized functions ( = Tagmatization)

  3. Class Polychaeta • Largest annelid class- Mostly marine worms • Lateral extensions called parapodia • Most have a digestive tract has proboscis at anterior end • If they lack a proboscis, they are usually filter feeders (like the fanworm) • Blood may be colorless, green, or red • They have 2-4 pairs of eyes on the prostomium • Remarkable regeneration powers

  4. http://www.treasuresofthesea.org.nz/uploads/images/150_image_main.jpghttp://www.treasuresofthesea.org.nz/uploads/images/150_image_main.jpg http://reddog-diving.com/KEY_LARGO_INVERTEBRATES_files/image057.jpg http://www.marinebiodiversity.ca/cmb/Photo%20galleries/atlantic-benthic-invertebrates/picture1.jpg/image_preview http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/Laboratories/Bio%20Pix%204%20U/Image98.gif

  5. Class Clitellata • Clitellum (used to make cocoon) • Few to no setae • Lack parapodia • 2 subclsses: • Oligochaeta (Earthworms) • Hirudinea(Leeches)

  6. Subclass Oligochaeta • Terrestrial and aquatic species (both burrow in mud/soil) • Prostomium is just a small lobe in front of mouth • Locomotion by circular and longitudinal muscles • Complete digestive system includes crop (storage structure) and gizzard (grinding structure) • Scavenger feeders (eat fallen and decaying vegetation) • 5 “hearts” (expanded vessels) • Lack well developed eyes • Monoecious: exchange sperm for fertilization, eggs deposited into cocoon • Freshwater species are asexual

  7. http://americandigest.org/GiantBlueEarthworm.jpg http://scienceblogs.com/zooillogix/giant%20gippsland%20earthworm.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Earthworm_klitellum_copulation_beentree.jpg

  8. http://www.naturewatch.ca/english/wormwatch/about/images/mating_worms.gifhttp://www.naturewatch.ca/english/wormwatch/about/images/mating_worms.gif http://www.vermidirtfarms.net/images/Reproduction.gif http://www.bwcnfarms.com/images/Cocoons%20on%20fingerEnc.JPG

  9. Subclass Hirudinea • Most live in freshwater (but some are marine or terrestrial) • Dorsoventrally flattened • Anterior and posterior segments = suckers • Muscles more complex than other annelids (they have oblique muscles as well) • Locomotion is by using suckers and “looping” • Many feed on other vertebrates by attaching with anterior sucker and secreting an anticoagulant (not considered parasites!) • Muscular pharynx behind mouth pumps body fluids into leech until leech is engorged • Monoeicous- sexual reproduction (none are asexual!)

  10. http://i.zdnet.com/blogs/leeches.gif http://www.science.mcmaster.ca/Biology/Harbour/SPECIES/LEECHES/RESOURCES/movement.gif http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_uQIAL5O6PaY/SHm_ii-jWyI/AAAAAAAAARs/0uk9KkQp-ZU/s400/leech+bites.jpg

  11. http://www.awazitaagro.com/images/leech3.png http://www.wingagrobiomedic.com/images/leech/leechcocoon1.jpg http://www.wingagrobiomedic.com/images/leech/leechcocoon.jpg

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