Tursiops truncatus Bottlenose dolphins

1. TursiopstruncatusBottlenose dolphins By: Te’auna Patterson

2. Short fat snout • Snout connects to slanted head • Jaw is similar to under bite • Upper Body is grey with hints of purple • White belly, and light grey sides • Upper Body turns black after death • 76-98 teeth • Adults may reach 3.5 m • Two kinds of bottlenose dolphins Body Type

3. White belly, and light grey sides • Upper Body turns black after death • 76-98 teeth • Adults may reach 3.5 m • Two kinds of bottlenose dolphins Body Type

4. Pectoral flippers are similar to land mammals fingers • Pectoral Flippers are contain thick cartilage in between the bone • Pectoral Flippers are slightly curved at the tip • Pectoral Flippers are used to steer • Pectoral Flippers are used with flukes to stop Fins, Flippers, and Flukes

5. The blood flow in flippers helps to maintain homeostasis • Instead of giving off heat into the environment they circulate it from arteries to veins • In order to cool down blood flow decrease towards the core but increases towards the surface • Dorsal Fin is made of thick tissue without bones like the flukes Fins, Flippers, and Flukes

6. Some dolphins do not have a dorsal fin • Dorsal fins help to keep balance • Flukes are used to propel the animal • The size of the flukes is around 1/5 of the dolphins body Fins, Flippers, and Flukes

7. Dolphins are NOT endangered • Live in water between 50 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit • Some migrate seasonally • Everywhere but polar waters (tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate) Habitat/ Population

8. Some live in deep water or shallower water closer to shore • There are about 67,000 Bottlenose dolphins in the United States’ Gulf of Mexico • In the Western North Pacific and along Japanese coasts there are about 35,000 Habitat/Population

9. The size of the dolphin is based on its’ habitat • Smaller dolphins are Coastal • Larger Dolphins are Offshore • In the Western North Atlantic there are about 11,700 Habitat/ Population

10. Diet depends on habitat • Coastal dolphins feed on invertebrates • Deep water Dolphins feed on squid and pelagic fish • They consume 4-5% of their body weight a day • Follow fisherman to catch discarded fish or bait • They swallow their food whole Food

11. They beach their prey to catch them easier • They use echolocation to stun prey • Use teeth to grab prey while tongue moves it down the throat • In Australia, they put a sponge on their nose to protect it as they forage for food on the bottom of the ocean Food

12. Twice that of humans • Auditory part of brain is extremely developed • Frequency range of 1-150 kHz • Hear best between 40 and 100 kHz • Hear through their lower jaw Hearing http://www.seaworld.org/animal-info/info-books/bottlenose/communication.htm

13. Can see in and out of water • See best in water • Binocular vision in air • Have binocular and monocular vision in water • Have a light reflecting portion that makes it easy to see in dim light Sight

14. Female dolphins initiate courtship • May breed throughout the year • “Just before mating, a male rubs and nuzzles a female. he may also exhibit an "S-curve" posture, in which he lifts his head up and points his tail flukes down” • Calves nurse under water • Calves nurse for a year and a half • The dolphin that helps birth the calf is the auntie Reproduction

15. Dolphins hold their breath under water • Their blowhole is their way of breathing • Breathing takes about .3 seconds • Their normal breathing consists of taking 2-3 breaths per minute • Dolphins have blubber that insulates their bodies Fun Facts

16. Normal body temperature is 98.4'F • Spend 1/3 of their day asleep • An ongoing study says that deep sleep occurs in one brain hemisphere at a time • Groups of dolphins are called pods • The average pod is seven animals • Pods are based on age sex and reproduction characteristics Fun Facts

17. On the US coast pods of mothers and newborn calves are common • Teen dolphins occur in groups with males and females • Adult male dolphins travel alone or in groups of 3 • The deeper the water the bigger the pod • Mother-calf bonds last for a long time Fun Facts

18. Establish dominance by fighting or smashing their tails on water • Emit bubble clouds when angry • Dolphins flirt by biting each other’s heads and scratching teeth • Dolphins can jump 16 feet in the air Fun Facts

19. Jumping and landing on their backs or sides is called a breach • Dolphins help each other when hurt by bringing them to the surface to breathe • Albino Dolphins can be pink Fun Facts

20. “Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiopstruncatus).” The Mammals of Texas. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/‌tmot1/‌turstrun.htm>. • Jenkins, Jessica, Phil Meyers, and Tanya Dewey. “Tursiopstruncatus: Bottlenosed Dolphin.” Animal Diversity Web. U of Michigan Museum of Zoology, n.d. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/‌site/‌accounts/‌information/‌Tursiops_truncatus.html>. Works Cited

21. “Bottlenose Dolphins.” Sea World. SeaWorld/‌Busch Gardens Animal Information Database, n.d. Web. 8 July 2011. <http://www.seaworld.org/‌infobooks/‌bottlenose/‌home.html>. • Pictures 1, 2, and 3 also came from this source Works Cited