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Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

Ages 11 to 18 How do adolescents think?. Adolescence – Cognitive Dev. Adolescent thinking. What is adolescent egocentrism?. E gocentrism Belief that they are more socially significant than they actually are Focusing on themselves more than others Other types of egocentrism

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Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

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  1. Ages 11 to 18 How do adolescents think? Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

  2. Adolescent thinking

  3. What is adolescent egocentrism? • Egocentrism • Belief that they are more socially significant than they actually are • Focusing on themselves more than others • Other types of egocentrism • The personal fable • The invincibility fable • Imaginary audience

  4. What is the personal fable? • Personal fable - “I am unique” • “My thoughts & feelings have not happened to anyone else” • Difficult to see another person’s perspective • “You just don’t understand!”

  5. What is the invincibility fable? • “I will not be hurt” • Smoking, drugs, STD’s, high-speed driving • Does not apply to all adolescents

  6. What is the imaginary audience? • “Everyone is watching me” • Makes teenagers self-conscious

  7. Do you remember? • What is adolescent egocentrism? • What is the personal fable? • What is the invincibility fable? • What is the imaginary audience?

  8. Piaget’s formal operational thought • Fourth and final stage • Use abstract ideas • Hypothetical thought • Thinking of possibilities, not just reality • If-then propositions • E.g. Balance experiment • A 14 year old will understand that both weight and distance from the center must be considered when balancing a scale

  9. What types of reasoning are there? • Deductive – Top down • General to specific • Inductive – Bottom-up • Specific to general • Both are used in research Deductive Theory (General) Research (Specific) Inductive

  10. What types of thought are there? • Intuitive thought (Intuition) • From an emotion or hunch beyond rational explanation • Based on past experiences and cultural assumptions • Analytic thought • Depends of logic & rationality • Analysis of pros & cons, risks & consequences • Possibilities & facts

  11. What are thinking fallacies? • Sunk cost fallacy • “I have invested so much, I must keep going” • Know when to cut your losses • Base rate neglect fallacy • Ignoring the overall frequency or probability of an effect from a behavior • E.g. Smoking, not wearing a helmet • Lottery tickets & gambling

  12. Do you remember? • Which of Piaget’s stages are adolescents in? • What is one of the major achievements in this stage? • What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning? • What is an example of each • What types of thought are there? • What are the thinking fallacies? • Give an example of each

  13. Technology and Cognition (Learning)

  14. What are the positives with technology? • Broadens students’ horizons • New education & experiences • Gets them past the egocentric thought • Reduces social isolation

  15. What are the negatives with technology? • Internet addiction • Gambling or video games • Escape from problems • Cyberbullying • Spreading insults and rumors • Negative specialties (Online) • Cutting, extreme dieting, prejudice • Negatives result more from the antisocial attitudes and/or depression of the person, not the technology • Sexting, Facebook pages, etc

  16. Do you remember? • What are the positives of technology related to adolescent egocentrism and social isolation? • What are the negatives of technology related to antisocial attitudes, depression, and cyberbullying?

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