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Two announcements: Reaction paper to Gilgamesh due Fri., Jan. 21 (2) Interested in NOMADS ??

Two announcements: Reaction paper to Gilgamesh due Fri., Jan. 21 (2) Interested in NOMADS ?? Brown bag talk: Dr. Daniel Prior, “A Trope of Nomadic Life in Eurasian History and Folklore” Tues., Jan. 18, 12:30 in Dulles Hall 250

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Two announcements: Reaction paper to Gilgamesh due Fri., Jan. 21 (2) Interested in NOMADS ??

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  1. Two announcements: • Reaction paper to Gilgamesh due Fri., Jan. 21 • (2) Interested in NOMADS?? • Brown bag talk: • Dr. Daniel Prior, “A Trope of Nomadic Life in Eurasian • History and Folklore” • Tues., Jan. 18, 12:30 in Dulles Hall 250 • Free food and beverages!

  2. ARYAN INVASIONS AND INDIAN CIVILIZATION I. The conventional wisdom on how the Indus river valley civilization ended: Aryan invasions, ca. 1500 B.C.E.

  3. II. Who were the Aryans? • A. Indo-European invasions, c. 2000 B.C.E. (Mycenaens, Hittites)

  4. B. Nomadic pastoralists from Caucasus Mts. “Aryans,” “Caucasians”

  5. C. Military technology: chariots (?) D. The original Indo-European religion (1) Ritual purification (2) Roots of Hinduism and Zoroastrianism

  6. E. Aryan religion • (1) War god INDRA • (2) Horse sacrifices and territorial expansion

  7. F. Horse sacrifice allows Aryans to expand from Indus to GANGES. Indus Ganges

  8. G. Aryan writing: SANSKRIT H. Roots of HINDUISM Aryan poetry →Vedas, oldest Hindu scripture Vedic period = 1500-800 B.C.E.

  9. III. Basics of HINDUISM *A. SAMSARA = cycle of birth and rebirth, driven by KARMA (deeds in present life) B. DHARMA = obligation to other living beings *C. AHIMSA = non-violence/non-harming to all living beings D. MAYA = illusion of physical world E. MOKSHA = union with universal godhead and release from MAYA *F. YOGA (“union”) = exercises to overcome physical body (* = introduced after Aryan/Vedic period)

  10. IV. Divinities are all part of universal godhead; take different forms (notably human, but with many arms and/or heads) Indra Brahma Ganesha Vishnu Shiva

  11. V. The VEDAS introduced the CASTE system, corresponding to body of creator god BRAHMA. HEAD = Brahmans / Brahmins (priests) ARMS = Kshatriyas (warriors, rulers) THIGHS = Vaishyas (middle class: merchants, farmers, teachers, etc.) FEET = Sudras (unclean tasks: butchering meat , tanning skins, cutting hair, etc.) UNTOUCHABLES

  12. VI. The caste system and DISEASE prevention?? role of disease in world history

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