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Notice:. No one should stop taking or adjust their medicine without first consulting their physician. DEPRESSION. A Biblical Look at the Fastest Growing Mood Disorder Today. Introduction. Many people struggle with mood disorders. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION.

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  1. Notice: No one should stop taking or adjust their medicine without first consulting their physician.

  2. DEPRESSION A Biblical Look at the Fastest Growing Mood Disorder Today

  3. Introduction • Many people struggle with mood disorders.

  4. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • Depression is the fastest-growing mood disorder today.

  5. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • Time online, November 15, 2016: “(A) study of national trends in depression among adolescents and young adults published in the journal Pediatrics on November 14 found that the prevalence of teens who reported an MDE [Major Depressive Episode] in the previous 12 months jumped from 8.7% in 2005 to 11.5% in 2014. That’s a 37 percent increase. (An MDE is defined as a period of at least two weeks of low mood that is present in most situations. Symptoms include low self-esteem, loss of interest in normally enjoyable activities, and problems with sleep, energy and concentration.)”

  6. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • “From 1988-94 to 2005-08, the rate of antidepressant use in the United States among all ages increased nearly 400%” (Pratt, Brody, & Gu, 2011). One study found that 19% of British Columbia women were prescribed an antidepressant in 2003.” http://www.psychologysalon.com/2015/01 /why-is-depression-incidence-increasing.html

  7. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • Time online, August 15, 2017 “13% of Americans take antidepressants.” Time online, July 27, 2017 “Global revenue for antidepressants was about $14.5 billion in 2014 and is projected to grow to nearly $17 billion over the next three years. Clinical depression affects 6.7% of U.S. adults, or about 16 million people, and a growing number of children and teenagers too. It's the leading cause of disability in the world, costing the U.S. economy alone $210 billion a year in lost productivity, missed days of work and care for the many physical and mental illnesses related to depression, like anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, migraines and sleep disorders.”

  8. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • In 2009, Christianity Today reported: “However we choose to define depression, both its frequency and its disruption of normal life are staggering. The World Health Organization named depression the second most common cause of disability worldwide after cardiovascular disease, and it is expected to become number one in the next ten years. In the United States, 5 to 10 percent of adults currently experience the symptoms of major depression…, and up to 25 percent meet the diagnostic criteria during their lifetime, making it one of the most common conditions treated by primary care physicians. At any given time, around 15 percent of American adults are taking antidepressant medications.”

  9. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • Why is Depression on the upswing? (Three possibilities) • 1. The incidence of depression is actually increasing. • 2. People have always been depressed. Now more are being identified as such. • 3. The criteria for diagnosing depression have been lowered.

  10. Notice: No one should stop taking or adjust their medicine without first consulting their physician.

  11. I. THE RISE OF DEPRESSION • Why is Depression on the upswing? (Three possibilities) • 1. The incidence of depression is actually increasing. • 2. People have always been depressed. Now more are being identified as such. • 3. The criteria for diagnosing depression have been lowered. ***Is there perhaps a profit motive?***

  12. II. NON-BIBLICAL ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT DEPRESSION • 1. The non-biblical assumption of materialism (or atheism) • If we are only bodies/brains, then a mood disorder must be a brain disorder: a medical problem. • The “chemical imbalance” theory.

  13. II. NON-BIBLICAL ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT DEPRESSION • 1. The non-biblical assumption of materialism (or atheism) • If we are only bodies/brains, then a mood disorder must be a brain disorder: a medical problem. • The “chemical imbalance” theory. • DSM-IV “No laboratory findings that are diagnostic of a Major Depressive Episode have been identified.” • 2. The non-biblical assumption that depression or sadness is a disorder, is “abnormal.” • “Normal sadness” vs. “Disordered sadness” • Is normal sadness abnormal? Should it be medicated?

  14. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1. God is sovereign over all his creation. • 2. God is revealing his glory in his creation.

  15. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • What is the chief end of man? • Man’s chief end is to glorify God and to enjoy him forever. (Westminster Shorter Catechism #1)

  16. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1. God is sovereign over all his creation. • 2. God is revealing his glory in his creation. • 3. God created us as dualistic (body/spirit) beings

  17. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • Dr. Charles Hodges, M.D., Good Mood, Bad Mood, “Over the last twenty years, there has been a major effort to educate people about depression. The main tenet of that education is that depression and mood disorders are medical problems that require medical treatment. When most people feel depressed today, they go to the doctor in search of a medical answer. Today very few would go to their pastor first and few caregivers would view the Bible as relevant to the problem.” (21)

  18. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1. God is sovereign over all his creation. • 2. God is revealing his glory in his creation. • 3. God created us as dualistic (body/spirit) beings • 4. Sin has brought death into the world • 5. Jesus Christ has reconciled his people to God • 6. Jesus Christ has risen from the dead bringing eternal life to his people

  19. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1 Peter 1:3-9: • “3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4 to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you, 5 who by God’s power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.”

  20. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1 Peter 1:3-9: • “6 In this you rejoice, though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials, 7 so that the tested genuineness of your faith—more precious than gold that perishes though it is tested by fire—may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ. 8 Though you have not seen him, you love him. Though you do not now see him, you believe in him and rejoice with joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory, 9 obtaining the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls.”

  21. III. BIBLICAL TRUTHS ABOUT SADNESS • 1. God is sovereign over all his creation. • 2. God is revealing his glory in his creation. • 3. God created us as dualistic (body/spirit) beings • 4. Sin has brought death into the world • 5. Jesus Christ has reconciled his people to God • 6. Jesus Christ has risen from the dead bringing eternal life to his people • 7. God has given his indwelling Holy Spirit to comfort and strengthen his people

  22. IV. WHY ARE NOT MORE NON-CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • 1. The enduring goodness and beauty of God’s world. • 2. People possess a tremendous power to delude and deceive themselves. • 3. False hope is deceptive. • 4. Affluence affords many distracting pleasures. • 5. Many misinterpret God’s kindness and patience as his lack of resolve to judge.

  23. IV. WHY ARE NOT MORE NON-CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Romans 2:3-4 “Do you suppose, O man…that you will escape the judgment of God? 4 Or do you presume on the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience, not knowing that God’s kindness is meant to lead you to repentance?”

  24. IV. WHY ARE NOT MORE NON-CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • 2 Peter 3:9 “The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance.”

  25. Notice: No one should stop taking or adjust their medicine without first consulting their physician.

  26. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • 1. Are many Christians depressed?

  27. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Christianity Today (2009): “Studies of religious groups, from Orthodox Jews to evangelical Christians, reveal no evidence that the frequency of depression varies across religious groups or between those who attend religious services and those who do not. So in a typical congregation of 200 adults, 50 attendees will experience depression at some point, and at least 30 are currently taking antidepressants.”

  28. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • 1. Are many Christians depressed? • 2. We can be sure that some solid and sincere Christians struggle with intense sadness. (Psalm 88, also 42 and 43)

  29. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Psalm 88: • O LORD, God of my salvation; I cry out day and night before you. 2 Let my prayer come before you; incline your ear to my cry! • 3 For my soul is full of troubles, and my life draws near to Sheol. 4 I am counted among those who go down to the pit; I am a man who has no strength, 5 like one set loose among the dead, like the slain that lie in the grave, like those whom you remember no more, for they are cut off from your hand. 6 You have put me in the depths of the pit, in the regions dark and deep. 7 Your wrath lies heavy upon me, and you overwhelm me with all your waves.

  30. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Psalm 88: • 8 You have caused my companions to shun me; you have made me a horror to them. I am shut in so that I cannot escape; 9 my eye grows dim through sorrow. Every day I call upon you, O LORD; I spread out my hands to you. 10 Do you work wonders for the dead? Do the departed rise up to praise you? 11 Is your steadfast love declared in the grave, or your faithfulness in Abaddon? 12 Are your wonders known in the darkness, or your righteousness in the land of forgetfulness?

  31. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Psalm 88: • 13 But I, O LORD, cry to you; in the morning my prayer comes before you. 14 O LORD, why do you cast my soul away? Why do you hide your face from me? 15 Afflicted and close to death from my youth up, I suffer your terrors; I am helpless. 16 Your wrath has swept over me; your dreadful assaults destroy me. 17 They surround me like a flood all day long; they close in on me together. 18 You have caused my beloved and my friend to shun me; my companions have become darkness.

  32. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • 1. There may be a physical/bodily component to “disordered sadness.” • 2. There may also be spiritual problems that can cause sadness, including the disappointing effects of living in a fallen world.

  33. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? Spiritual Causes • 1. The discouraging treadmill of moralism. • 2. Allowing mere desires to become demands.

  34. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? • Response  REACTION!!! • Assumption Attitude • Expectation Entitlement/Excuse • Desire Demand/Need

  35. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? REACTION (punish!) Response (blame) Attitude (“must be”) Assumptions (“will be”) Entitlement (deserve) Expectations (should) Demands (need) Desires(want)

  36. V. WHY ARE SO MANY CHRISTIANS DEPRESSED? Spiritual Causes • 1. The discouraging treadmill of moralism. • 2. Allowing mere desires to become demands. • 3. God’s bringing trials into our lives in his sovereign wisdom.

  37. Q & A Pastor Brian Janssen Certified Biblical Counselor Email: pastor@hosperspca.org Web: hosperspca.org

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