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Session 2.1 The Person of Jesus Christ

Session 2.1 The Person of Jesus Christ. Michael Pascual Institute for Pastoral Ministry. Background and Goal of this Session. We will develop our Christology (blending approaches of both FROM ABOVE and FROM BELOW)

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Session 2.1 The Person of Jesus Christ

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  1. Session 2.1The Person of Jesus Christ Michael Pascual Institute for Pastoral Ministry

  2. Background and Goal of this Session • We will develop our Christology (blending approaches of both FROM ABOVE and FROM BELOW) • In order to do this, we will need to establish the Jewish background of “the Anointed One” in the context of Salvation History. • This will include an analysis on “Sin” and an overview of “covenant”

  3. Values of Ancient Judaism • The importance of memory • The role of History • The Israelites as the People of God

  4. Three Parts • Looking into Salvation History: • The Fall: The Story of Original Sin • The Genesis Pattern of Sin and Grace • The Major Covenants

  5. The Fall: The Story of Original Sin

  6. NOTE • The Fall is another name of the story of Adam and Eve’s “original sin.” • This presentation is based off the Catholic update article “Adam, Eve & Original Sin” by Michael D. Guinan, OFM

  7. Outline for Discussion • Seeing the Larger Story • Human Sin • Punishment Follows • Signs of Grace • What’s Original Sin about?

  8. Seeing the Larger Story • Genesis 1-11 is the big picture • Sets the whole story of God, Israel and all that follows in the Bible in a universal, cosmic setting.

  9. The Cosmic story • Adam and Eve (2:4b-3:24) • Cain and Abel (4:1-26) • Noah and the Flood (6:1-9:29) • Tower of Babel (11:1-9) The PATTERN: human sin is followed by punishment, but the last word in each story is one of grace from God.

  10. Human sin • Man and woman violate God’s command • The sin in each of these stories is one and the same… “you will become like gods!” (3:5) • We, as human beings, as creatures of God, overstep the limits of creaturhood and prefer to play God instead.”

  11. Textbook says: • “Their sin was a misuse of human freedom and a lack of trust in God. They did not accept the gift of their humanity and instead tried to replace God with themselves. In some way these two things- not accepting our goodness and a lack of trust in God- are at the root of every sin.” (28)

  12. Punishment follows • Punishment follows the human attempt to play God. • For Adam and Eve, it is death. • It is in rejecting God that we are rejecting life.

  13. Biblical View of Death • Death is the breaking and collapse of all our relationships on all their levels. • Loss of Original Holiness • Loss of Original Justice • Death is not just a moment at the end, but a whole realm of brokenness that affects our lives on many levels. • Remember, according to Genesis Adam lived for 930 years!

  14. Loss of Original Justice • The snake represents the relationship with all animals…now a cursed relationship. • Man’s relationship to the Woman is now broken too… she’s subjugated to the man.

  15. Loss of Original Holiness • The rejection of God is the rejection of our source of life

  16. The Biblical understanding of Punishment • Not so much a judge giving judgment, but a natural consequence of an action • To reject God is to reject all the relationships that inter-connect with him.

  17. Signs of Grace • God’s will for life and blessing always prevail • Notice how God always responds?

  18. What’s Original Sin about? • St Augustine frames the term in two ways: • Original Sin “originating” • Original Sin “originated”

  19. Original Sin “originated” • Describes the concrete human condition which is present at the birth of each one of use. • We are born into a world which in fact is already broken; it is present at our birth, and we enter into it. • This is the understanding today, thanks especially to the work of Biblical Scholarship and historical research on the work of St. Augustine.

  20. Original Sin “originating” • The concrete sin of the historical parents, Adam and Eve, whose guilt is passed on down to all generations. • This is a past, historical understanding (the Catholic Church does not subscribe to this)

  21. The Author argues to read the Bible in Context • Quoting the CCC 110 ( which is quoting “Dei Verbum!!!)

  22. Religious Truth Vs. Scientific Truth

  23. Genesis is not about scientific truth, but religious truth

  24. Original Sin stories • Not just in Adam and Eve story, but the rest of Genesis 2-11!!!

  25. Was there an Adam and Eve • Not in the literal sense… • Are there an Adam and Eve? • Author says “Look in the mirror.”

  26. EVERYMAN

  27. Pope Benedict XVI’s reflection

  28. When all is said and done… • This is a story about the brokenness of human nature, that while we are a loved creation of God, the summit of all creation, we are also a fallen people. • But God is always reaching out to us… Prodigal Son story…

  29. And from a Christian perspective… • The full meaning of the Genesis creation story points us toward the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus, the embodiment of God’s covenant and source of our hope.

  30. In Summary • The Genesis narrative reflects a theological belief of human nature, God’s grace and sin. • Catholics do not view the Genesis story in a fundamentalist/Literal story, distinguishing between religious truth and scientific truth. • The “original sin” of the Genesis story reflects an understanding about the social reality of human brokenness.

  31. Socrative and break • Covenants

  32. The Covenants of Salvation History Session 2.2

  33. Goals for this section Continue building on the Jewish background: • Have a general understanding of the major covenants of Salvation history • See The role of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of the covenants

  34. Some Important Vocab • Covenant • Foreshadow • Paschal Mystery • Redemption

  35. Covenant • A solemn agreement between human beings or between God and a human being in which mutual commitments are made. • Acts like a contract, but not really • More like a total self-giving of self. • Better analogy: A marriage relationship • Contracts can be changed or dropped…Covenants do not. • In fact, sometimes covenants are added onto and/or replaced.

  36. Foreshadow • To represent or prefigure a person before his or her life or an event before it occurs. • Page 62

  37. Paschal Mystery • The work of salvation accomplished by Jesus Christ mainly through his life, passion, death, resurrection and Ascension. • Pasch is Greek for “Passover.” • Thus Paschal Meal is a term that refers to the Jewish Passover meal that Jesus shared with the Apostles the night before he died.

  38. redemption • Page 78 • From the Latin “redemption”, meaning “to buy back”; • In roman antiquity, To redeem is to pay the price for its freedom • In the Old Testament, it refers to Yahweh’s deliverance of Israel • In the New Testament, to Christ’s deliverance of all Christians from the forces of sin • “Christ paid the price to free us from the slavery of sin and bring about our redemption.” • HOW???

  39. Protoevangelium “I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; They will strike at your head, while you strike at their heel.” ---Genesis 3:15

  40. The Protoevangelium (Gen 3:15)“I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; They will strike at your head, while you strike at their heel.” ---Genesis 3:15

  41. How Might this Covenant foreshadow Jesus? • Irenaeus of Lyons (ca. A.D. 130–200), in his Against Heresies 5.21.1, followed by several other Fathers of the Church, interpreted the verse as referring to Christ, and cited Gal 3:19 and 4:4 to support the reference. • Another interpretive translation is ipsa, “she,” and is reflected in Jerome’s Vulgate. “She” was thought to refer to Mary, the mother of the messiah. In Christian art Mary is sometimes depicted with her foot on the head of the serpent.

  42. How Might these Covenants foreshadow Jesus? • Even, as Adam and Eve are leaving the garden of eden… • God is already making a promise, a covenant, that he will save humanity from the damage caused by the devil’s deceoption (paschal mystery, 39) • Mary as the new eve • Jesus as the new Adam

  43. The Covenant with Noah (Gen 9:12)

  44. How Might this Covenant foreshadow Jesus? • God marks his covenant with all humankind and creation: “Never again shall all bodily creatures be destroyed by the waters of a flood.” (Gen 9:11) • This is a universal covenant • Reaching out even to those nations in danger (or practice) of polytheism • Grace is present among them too • This covenant finds its fulfillment in Jesus Christ when he makes his ever-lasting covenant to all the people of the world (Katholikos= universal)

  45. The Covenant with Abraham (Gen 17)

  46. 3 Fold Promise • To Make him a great nation by promising Abraham many descendants • To provide Abraham and his descendants a land of their own • To make Abraham and his descendants a blessing for all nations

  47. Foreshadow jesus? • Through jesus Christ, a descendant of Abraham, God’s blessing is brought to all nations. (pM 44) • “Spiritual kingdom?”

  48. The Mosaic Covenant (Ex 19)

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