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Old Testament. The World of the Old Testament. © John Stevenson, 2013. Maps by David P. Barrett, used by permission. Course Objectives. Explain the general content, overall message, and flow of thought for each book of the Old Testament.
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Old Testament The World of the Old Testament © John Stevenson, 2013 Maps by David P. Barrett, used by permission
Course Objectives • Explain the general content, overall message, and flow of thought for each book of the Old Testament. • Interpret the Old Testament in light of its historical and redemptive context. • Explain the nature of revelation as progressive and rooted in history. • Apply the newly acquired material to your ministries, Bible studies, sermon preparation, and daily lives.
Textbook A Survey of the Old Testament: The Bible Jesus Used. John Stevenson Hollywood, FL: Redeemer, 2008
Grade Scale • In Class Memorization Quizzes: • Take Home Open book Quizzes: • Research/Bible Study/Sermon Papers: • Final Exam: 10% 30% 30% 30%
Canonicity refers to the church’s recognition of the authority of the inspired writings.
Josephus "For we have not an innumerable multitude of books among us, disagreeing from and contradicting one another [as the Greeks have], but only twenty-two books, which contain the records of all the past times; which are justly believed to be divine...(Contra Apion 1:8).
Josephus "It is true, our history has been written since Artaxerxes, very peculiarly, but has not been esteemed of the like authority with the former by our forefathers, because there has not been an exact succession of prophets since that time." (Contra Apion 1:8).
English Old Testament Pentateuch Historical Books Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings, 1-2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Poetic Books Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Prophetic Books Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
Hebrew Bible Torah Prophets(Nabi’im) Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, The Twelve (Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi) Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Writings(Kethuvim) Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, Chronicles,
Can our copies of the Bible be trusted? The Textual Question
Original Manuscript Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy
Qumran Caves
The Science of Interpretation Hermeneutics
Fundamental Questions in Hermeneutics • What did it mean to the original characters of the narrative? • What did it mean to the author? • What did it mean to the original recipients?
Israelites Moses Bible Readers Today
Fundamental Questions in Hermeneutics • What did it mean to the original characters of the narrative? • What did it mean to the author? • What did it mean to the original recipients? • What does it mean in light of New Testament revelation?
The World of the Old Testament
Mesopotamia Egypt
Hatti Mesopotamia Egypt
Hatti Mesopotamia Land Bridge DESERT Egypt
Hittites Assyria Egypt Babylon Israel
Hittites Assyria Aram Phoenicia Babylon Israel Egypt
The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley
The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley
The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley
The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley • Trans Jordan
The Valley of Jezreel Jezreel
The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River Gilead
The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River • The Jabbok River Gilead
The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River • The Jabbok River Gilead • The Arnon River Moab
Major Roads • The King’s Highway Megiddo • The Way of the Sea (the Way of the Philistines) Jericho
Climate of Canaan • Mediterranean Climate • Dependent upon winter rains • Early Rains: October • Later Rains: April
Eastern Thinking Eastern versus Western Thinking Western Thinking Individualism Collectivism Right / Wrong Honor / Shame Time Oriented Timeliness Oriented Rules Relationship
What are the Overarching themes of the Pentateuch? Small Group Project
What is the Big Idea of the Old Testament? What is the Big Idea of the New Testament?
The Old Testament Story
Pre-History Creation Fall Flood Tower of Babel Genesis 1 - 11
Old Testament History 2000 - 1500 1500 - 1000 1000 - 500 Exodus and Sinai Judges Kings of Israel and Judah Return Period of the Patriarchs Torah Historical Books Poetic Books Prophetic Books