1 / 16

Theory of Flight Wing Design

Theory of Flight Wing Design. Reference. From the Ground Up Chapter 2.1.2: Design of the Wing Pages 20 - 23. Introduction.

balin
Download Presentation

Theory of Flight Wing Design

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Theory of FlightWing Design

  2. Reference From the Ground Up Chapter 2.1.2: Design of the Wing Pages 20 - 23

  3. Introduction • There are many different airfoil designs. The type of operation for which an airplane is intended has a direct influence on the design and shape of the wing for that airplane. • Normally, an airplane designed for slow speed uses a thick airfoil and a thin airfoil is best for high speed.

  4. Outline • Camber & Planform • Angle of Incidence • Wingtips and Wing Fences • Wash Out • Flaps & Spoilers

  5. Wing Design • Conventional Airfoils • Thick, for stronger structure • Camber is farther rearward, which Increases lifting capability over more of wing and decreases drag • For larger, slower aircraft (such as cargo planes) • Thickest at 25% chord

  6. Wing Design • Laminar Flow Airfoils • Usually thin • Leading edge more pointed and upper and lower surfaces nearly symmetrical • For smaller, faster aircraft (such as fighter jets) • Thickest at 50% chord

  7. Planform • Planform – Shape of wing as seen from above • Aspect Ratio – Ratio of wing span to Chord (or MAC) • High Aspect Ratio creates more lift and less induced drag

  8. Angle of Incidence • Angle that wing is attached to fuselage • Angle between wing and longitudinal axis (or the horizontal) Angle of Incidence Longitudinal Axis Longitudinal Axis

  9. Wing Tip Design • Different wing tip devices disrupt vortices, thus decreases induced drag. Some devices: • Wing tip tanks • Wing tip plates • Droop wing tip • Winglets

  10. Wing Fences • Small fin-like surfaces on upper surface of wing • Control and straighten airflow, reduce wing vortices, and therefore reduce induced drag • Provide better slow speed handling and stall characteristics

  11. Wash-Out • Wash-Out - Twist in the wing so wing tip has smaller angle of incidence than wing root • Reduces tendency of wing to stall suddenly • Wing tips stall last, so ailerons remain effective

  12. Flaps and Spoilers • Slats - Airfoils on leading edge that pull out at high angle of attacks. They help improve lateral control by smoothing out turbulent airflow • Slots - Passageways in leading edge. At high angles of attack, air flows through holes smoothing out turbulent airflow • Leading Edge Flap – Increase camber and increase lift

  13. Flaps and Spoilers

  14. Flaps and Spoilers • Spoilers - Devices fitted into wing that increase drag and decrease lift • Speed Brakes – Devices on wing or fuselage that increase drag

  15. Flaps and Spoilers • Flaps are high lift devices that increase the camber of the wing. Flaps give you: • Better Take-off Performance • Steeper Approach Angles • Lower Approach/Landing Speeds

  16. Next Lesson 2.3 - Theory of Flight Airplane Axes From the Ground Up Chapters 2.1.3, 2.1.4: The Axes of an Airplane, Stability Pages 23 – 26

More Related