1.06k likes | 5.73k Views
Principles of Perception. Perceptual Inference. Definition: When we fill-in holes between our sensations to develop a perception. Perceptual Inference depends on experience Ex. Our brain helps cover movie goofs / continuity errors. Gestalt.
E N D
Perceptual Inference • Definition: When we fill-in holes between our sensations to develop a perception. • Perceptual Inference depends on experience • Ex. Our brain helps cover movie goofs / continuity errors
Gestalt • A pattern formed based on organizing bits of info into more meaningful wholes • Ex. The story of the blind men and the elephant.
Gestalt Principles • Closure: we “close” open objects
Gestalt Principles • Continuity: More likely to continue patterns, rather than disrupted ones
Gestalt Principles • Similarity: Similar objects are grouped, dissimilar ones stick out.
Gestalt Principles • Proximity: Objects close together are perceived as one object
Figure-Ground Perception • An object is separated from its background • Visually, one area is dark, other is lighter. • Hearing, able to pick out a melody from the rest of the song, one person’s voice in a crowd.
Learning to Perceive • Senses are Nature, Perception Acquisition is nurture. • Ex. Babies learn to perceive the difference between a human face and a blank oval. • Needs and wants will make us more likely to perceive objects • Ex. hungry people can more readily perceive food.
Constancy • We perceive objects the same way, regardless of changes in conditions • Ex. A stapler is perceived as being the same even if lighting and your angle towards it are different.
Illusions • Incorrect perceptions, misrepresenting physical stimuli
Illusions • The legendary works of M.C. Esher
ESP (Extrasensory Perception) • The belief that humans have additional senses beyond the ones we readily acknowledge • Ex. speaking to the dead, etc.