Confined spaces

1. Confined spaces Controlling hazards and minimizing risks

2. Ways to control hazards and make confined spaces safer • Barriers and signage • Equipment upgrades or engineered controls • Contract out confined space work 2

3. Signage • Sign tells workers to keep out • Worker training — need to respect signage 3

4. Signage must be: • Clearly visible • Well maintained 4

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9. Barrier – tanks • Install barriers in hatchways to prevent entry 9

10. Equipment upgrades and engineered controls • Move equipment outside of the space or install a system that removes equipment (e.g., pumps, agitators) for servicing or repair • Install clean-in-place systems • Install augers to break up bridges in bins • Relocate openings (e.g., on the side, rather than the top) and make the openings larger • Install removable stairways into vaults or pits 10

11. Manure pit 11 11

12. Pump shed • Install ventilation fans • Move valves, pumps, and controls to outside panels so workers do not have to enter the shed 12 12

13. Milk tank • Install clean-in-place automated washing system so workers do not have to enter • Contract out internal maintenance and repair 13

14. Water treatment plant • Install stairways for easier access 14

15. Compost truck • Design a pole-mounted pusher so workers can push remaining compost without entering the truck bed • Install a wash system in the truck bed to help clear compost 15

16. Bins and silos • Install an in-place system to remove grain or feed blockages — workers do not have to enter the space 16

17. Contracting out • Contracting out delegates work to people with specialized training and equipment • Contractors must have their own confined space entry program • Employers must ensure contractors are competent to work in confined spaces and are following safe work procedures 17