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Crazy Horse 1842 (?) -- 1877

Crazy Horse 1842 (?) -- 1877. By Alex Wells Mrs. Drees September 28, 2009. “One does not sell the earth upon which the people walk”. Crazy Horse. Birth. Crazy Horse was born in the early 1840’s to an Ogala medicine man and a Brule woman, near the Black Hills in South Dakota.

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Crazy Horse 1842 (?) -- 1877

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  1. Crazy Horse 1842 (?) -- 1877 By Alex Wells Mrs. Drees September 28, 2009

  2. “One does not sell the earth upon which the people walk”. • Crazy Horse 1. www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_the_little_big_horn.htm

  3. Birth • Crazy Horse was born in the early 1840’s to an Ogala medicine man and a Brule woman, near the Black Hills in South Dakota. • His name at birth was “In the Wilderness” or “Among the Trees”, which means he was one with nature. It is a Lakota name which is pronounced Cha-O-Ha. • His nickname was “Curly”, due to his light, curly hair.

  4. Family Ties • Crazy Horse’s father was a member of the Ogala tribe and was named Crazy Horse. • Crazy Horse’s mother was a member of the Brule tribe. She was the sister of the Brule head chief, Spotted Tail. • He had a brother named Little Hawk.

  5. Childhood • Curly was strong from age one and he played with the older boys. • He got his first bow at age six and was hunting at 10. • His best friend (“kola”), Hump, was killed while hunting.

  6. Young Adulthood • By the time he was 12, he had killed a buffalo and earned his horse. • On August 19, 1854 he was at Chief Conquering Bear’s camp when the Chief was killed.

  7. Young Adulthood • Curly became a man at age 16 and that is when he father changed his name to Crazy Horse. His father then took the name Worm. • He started hunting for food with the adults and he continued to raid other tribes, such as the Crow.

  8. Visions • Crazy Horse had visions of his future as a warrior. • His first vision was after the battle at Conquering Bear’s camp. • He had a vision of a rider with a feather of a hawk in his hair.

  9. Visions • His visions showed him with his hair down with a lightning bolt across his cheek and a stone earring. He had no scalps on his belt. • His “future self” told him that meant he should not take scalps.

  10. Visions • In Crazy Horse’s next battle, he ignored this vision and took a scalp. • He was wounded, and he believed it was because he ignored his vision. He never took another scalp.

  11. Marriage • Crazy Horse was able to build an alliance with the Cheyenne by marrying a woman of that tribe. • After her death, Crazy Horse married an Ogala woman named Black Shawl. • Crazy Horse had no children.

  12. Warrior • Crazy Horse joined war parties starting at the age of 16. • He was always at the front of the battle, and earned a reputation for bravery. • He only killed when necessary. • He fought other tribes, and not white settlers until the mid-1860’s.

  13. Warrior • When Crazy Horse was in his early 20’s, all the Sioux Chiefs met to discuss the American settlers. • Peace had been negotiated between the Great Chief Red Cloud and the United States. • Now there were settlements and soldiers in their territory. • Skirmishes were happening between the tribes and soldiers.

  14. Warrior Chief • The Chiefs voted to resist the settlers and soldiers. • Crazy Horse was chosen to lead the first attack on the settlers. • He attacked soldiers from Fort Phil Kearny on December 21, 1866 and was successful. This is known as the Fetterman Massacre. • He was hailed a great war chief.

  15. Warrior Chief • Crazy Horse was seen as a main war leader. • He led both the Sioux tribes and the Cheyenne, who were their allies. • He waged many battles along the Bozeman Trail and against the Pacific Railway surveyors, soldiers and wagon trains.

  16. Warrior Chief • Red Cloud signed another peace treaty in November 1868, but Crazy Horse, along with Chief Sitting Bull, refused to sign the treaty. • Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull continued to attack any white settlers, wagon trains and soldiers they came across.

  17. The Great Sioux War • In 1874 – 1875, gold was found in the Black Hills and many speculators flooded in from the East. • The US government tried to convince Crazy Horse and his allies to stop attacking and join Red Cloud on the Great Reservation.

  18. The Great Sioux War • Crazy Horse refused and continued to fight. • The army, under the command of General Sheridan, was given the task of defeating Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull.

  19. The Battle of Little Big Horn • On June 25, 1876, the Army decided to attack the Sioux warriors, who were camped in the Big Horn Valley. • They planned a “two-pronged” attack to trap the Sioux in their camp.

  20. The Battle of Little Big Horn • But the Army underestimated the size of the warrior group – over 12,000 warriors were gathered at the Big Horn River. • Many of the warriors believed that this would be a “last stand”. • Other tribes, including the Cheyenne, joined the Sioux.

  21. The Battle of Little Big Horn • The two “prongs” of the Army mistimed their arrival, and General George Custer and his soldiers arrived at the Sioux encampment alone and were outnumbered. • Custer was defeated and few of Custer’s soldiers survived. • This was a huge victory for Crazy Horse and his warriors.

  22. The End of the Great Sioux War • After the Battle of Little Big Horn, the US Army began a relentless pursuit of Crazy Horse. • Crazy Horse continued to fight the US Army, and on January 8, 1877, Crazy Horse fought his last battle. • With his troops weak from cold and hunger, Crazy Horse surrendered to US troops at Camp Robinson in Nebraska on May 5.

  23. The Death of Crazy Horse • Crazy Horse spent the next 4 months near Red Cloud’s reservation. • Rumors reached the Army that Crazy Horse was planning to escape to wage war again.

  24. The Death of Crazy Horse • Crazy Horse was arrested and tried to escape. • Crazy Horse resisted capture, angered a soldier and was stabbed by a bayonet. • He died on September 5, 1877, and was buried at Wounded Knee.

  25. The Importance of Crazy Horse • Crazy Horse was important because he changed the Sioux nation forever. • He changed the way the Sioux people thought of themselves. • He led them to resist the American expansion.

  26. The Importance of Crazy Horse • Crazy Horse also changed the way Americans thought of Native Americans. • He showed resistance and fought the soldiers. • He was willing to fight to the death to protect their way of life.

  27. The Importance of Crazy Horse • Crazy Horse showed that it is not always the strongest people who are the leaders. • Even though Crazy Horse was quiet and rarely ever spoke in meetings, he was considered a natural born leader.

  28. Bibliography • Stanley, George E. Crazy Horse: Young War Chief. Aladdin Paperbacks, 2005. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crazy_Horse • http://encarta.msn.com/text_761565411__0/Crazy_Horse.html • http://www.historynet.com/the-last-stand-of-crazy-horse.htm

  29. Bibliography • http://www.indigenouspeople.net/crazyhorse.htm • http://www.allblackhills.com/crazy_horse_memorial/chief_crazy_horse.php • http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_little_big_horn.htm • http://www.emayzine.com/lectures/CRAZYHOR.html

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