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Understanding LTE-Wi-Fi Coexistence Challenges in Unlicensed Band

Explore the deployment challenges of LTE-Wi-Fi coexistence, study the impact of transmission power and bandwidth on throughput, interference effects, and adjacent channel interference.

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Understanding LTE-Wi-Fi Coexistence Challenges in Unlicensed Band

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  1. An Experimental Evaluation of Coexistence Challenges ofWi-Fi and LTE in the unlicensed band Vasilis Maglogiannis[1], Jerome A. Arokkiam[2], Adnan Shahid[1], Dries Naudts[1], Ingrid Moerman[1] [1] – IDLab, imec - Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [2] – CONNECT Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

  2. Motivation • The fundamental differences in the PHY/MAC design and operation methodology • The coexistence performance of LTE & Wi-Fi vary significantly in different deployment scenarios • Throughput of Wi-Fi usually decreases when sharing with any type of unlicensed LTE • The performance of either LTE-LAA or Wi-Fi should not be affected by each other while deployed in 5 GHz spectrum together What are some of the deployment challenges associated with the coexistence of LTE and Wi-Fi? • Y. Huang, Y. Chen, Y. T. Hou, W. Lou, and J. H. Reed, “Recent Advances of LTE/WiFi Coexistence in Unlicensed Spectrum,” IEEE Network, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 107–113, March 2018 • B. Chen, J. Chen, Y. Gao, and J. Zhang, “Coexistence of LTE-LAA and Wi-Fi on 5 GHz With Corresponding Deployment Scenarios: A Survey,” IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, vol. 19, no. 1, pp.7–32,Q1’17 • “LTE in unlicensed spectrum: Harmonious coexistence with WiFi,” San Jose, CA, USA, 2012. [Online]. https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/lteunlicensed-coexistence-whitepaper.pdf • Z. Zhou, S. Mumtaz, K. M. S. Huq, A. Al-Dulaimi, K. Chandra, and J. Rodriquez, “Cloud Miracles: Heterogeneous Cloud RAN for Fair Coexistence of LTE-U and Wi-Fi in Ultra Dense 5G Networks,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 64–71, June 2018.

  3. Network Setup Application Application Application Zotac nodes (Wi-Fi AP) Zotac node (Wi-Fi Client) USRP B210 NIC (Qualcomm Atheros AR928X chip ) NIC (Qualcomm Atheros AR928X chip ) srsLTE Base Station NIC Antenna Port (Tx, Rx) NIC Antenna Port (Tx, Rx) USRP Antenna Ports LTE Downlink USRP Antenna Port Splitter/Combiner LTE Uplink Application Coax Cable (Replacing Wireless Antennas) USRP B210 srsLTE UE

  4. Experiment 1 of 2Impact of Tx power and Bandwidth LTE Throughput when having 20MHz Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Throughput when having LTE Control Signals Low Power LTE High Power LTE Low Power Wi-Fi High Power Wi-Fi Wi-Fi causes significant interference to LTE when having a similar or higher Wi-Fi Tx power than LTE High Power LTE Signalling causes interference to Wi-Fi Low Power LTE Signalling is a hidden terminal for Wi-Fi

  5. Experiment 1 of 2Impact of Tx power and Bandwidth Wi-Fi Throughput when having LTE Data High Power Wi-Fi Low Power Wi-Fi Low Power LTE Data Tx causes significant interference to Wi-Fi High Power LTE Data Tx causes Wi-Fi de-association

  6. Experiment 1 of 2Impact of Tx power and Bandwidth 20MHz Wi-Fi Throughput when having 5MHz LTE at different positions of the Wi-Fi Spectrum LTE Control Signal LTE Data 2447 MHz 2427 MHz 2437 MHz 2447 MHz 2427 MHz 2437 MHz 5 MHz LTE 2432 5 MHz LTE 2444.5 Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 5MHz edge 5MHz middle 5MHz LTE Tx causes Wi-Fi throughput degradation in different ways depending on the relative position of LTE Tx within the Wi-Fi spectrum

  7. Experiment 2 of 2Adjacent Channel Interference 2437 MHz 2417 MHz 2447 MHz 2407 MHz 2427 MHz LTE Wi-Fi LTE Transmission creates (a lot of) adjacent-channel interference to Wi-Fi

  8. Conclusions • When a 20MHz Wi-Fi transmission coexists with a 20, 10 and 5MHz LTE transmission, individually • Wi-Fi causes significant interference to LTE when having a similar or higher Wi-Fi Tx power than LTE • High Power LTE Signalling causes interference to Wi-Fi while Low Power LTE Signalling acts as a hidden terminal for Wi-Fi • Low Power LTE Data transmission causes significant interference to Wi-Fi while High Power LTE Data transmission causes Wi-Fi de-association • When a 20MHz Wi-Fi transmission coexists with a 5MHz LTE transmission • depending on the relative position of LTE Tx within the Wi-Fi spectrum, 5MHz LTE Tx causes Wi-Fi throughput degradation in several different ways • During adjacent-channel transmission of LTE and Wi-Fi • LTE transmission creates a lot of adjacent-channel interference to Wi-Fi, while Wi-Fi does not create interference towards LTE

  9. Thank you it’s time for Questions Vasils Maglogiannis (vasilis.maglogiannis@ugent.be)Jerome A. Arokkiam (jerom2005raj@yahoo.com / j.arokkiam@osram.com)Adnan Shahid (adnan.shahid@ugent.be)Dries Naudts(dries.naudts@ugent.be)Ingrid Moerman(ingrid.moerman@ugent.be)

  10. Spectrogram Results

  11. Fully overlapping LTE (20MHz) and Wi-Fi (20MHz)

  12. Fully overlapping LTE (10MHz) and Wi-Fi (20MHz)

  13. Fully overlapping LTE (5MHz) and Wi-Fi (20MHz) – Edge overlap

  14. Fully overlapping LTE (5MHz) and Wi-Fi (20MHz) – Middle overlap

  15. Adjacent Channel LTE (20MHz) and Wi-Fi (20MHz)

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