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CONTESTING HISTORY OPPOSING VOICES

CONTESTING HISTORY OPPOSING VOICES. 8: Republicanism and Sectarianism in the 1798 Rebellion. Republicanism and Sectarianism in 1798. 1789: French Revolution 1791: United Irishmen formed 1795: Orange Order founded 1795: Fitzwilliam Episode – end of hopes of further Catholic reform

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CONTESTING HISTORY OPPOSING VOICES

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  1. CONTESTINGHISTORYOPPOSINGVOICES 8: Republicanism and Sectarianism in the 1798 Rebellion

  2. Republicanism and Sectarianism in 1798 • 1789: French Revolution • 1791: United Irishmen formed • 1795: Orange Order founded • 1795: Fitzwilliam Episode – end of hopes of further Catholic reform • 1795: Ulster Radicals considering French overtures for armed military support to aid an Irish revolution • Northern Star Newspaper - link in Ulster between United Irishmen and Defenders – violent conflicts with army – opposition from new Orange lodges • 1796: failed French landing • 1796: Insurrection Act

  3. Republicanism and Sectarianism in 1798 • 1797: Attention of government turns to Ulster radicals / United Irishmen • 1797: flight of Ulster leaders • 1798: Arrests of Dublin leaders • 1798: March – martial law declared • 1798: May: Lord Edward Fitzgerald arrested - messages sent out for rising • 1798: May-June: rising in Leinster – bloody and violent • Rising in Ulster delayed by a few weeks – disorganized • 1798: August: French forces of 4,000 in Connaught – defeated at Ballinamuck • Further French force harried along coast - six ships captured, one with Wolfe Tone on it in French uniform

  4. Republicanism and Sectarianism in 1798 • Numbers: • 30-50,000 involved in rebellion in the summer of 1798 • 20,000 deaths • General causes: • Economic: rising population, land shortage, growing poverty – agrarian discontent • Political: disaffected local elites, disgruntled Catholics at failure to pursue reform to its full extent • Social: radical education – French ideas – sense of Irishness

  5. Republicanism and Sectarianism in 1798 • Further Reading: • Bartlett, T., Dawson, K. & Keogh, D. (eds), Rebellion (1998). • Bartlett, T., Dickson, D., Keogh, D. & Whelan, K. (eds), 1798: A Bicentennial Perspective (2003). • Elliott, Marianne, Partners in Revolution: The United Irishmen and France (1982). • McDowell, R. B., Ireland in the Age of Imperialism and Revolution, 1760-1801 (1979).

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