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Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis. Chapter 8. Organisms that use Photosyntheis. Anozygenic Purple bacteria Green sulfur bacteria Green nonsulfur bacteria Heliobacteria Oxygenic Cyanobacteria Some algae All land plants. Where does photosynthesis happen?. Parts of the Chloroplast.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis Chapter 8

  2. Organisms that use Photosyntheis • Anozygenic • Purple bacteria • Green sulfur bacteria • Green nonsulfur bacteria • Heliobacteria • Oxygenic • Cyanobacteria • Some algae • All land plants

  3. Where does photosynthesis happen?

  4. Parts of the Chloroplast • Thylakoid Membrane – where photosystems are found • Grana • Chlorophyll • Stroma

  5. 3 Stages of Photosynthesis • 1. Capturing energy from sunlight • 2. Using the energy to make ATP and to reduce the compound NADP+ to NADPH • 3. Using the ATP and NADPH to power the synthesis or organic molecules from CO2 in the air

  6. Story Time- History of Photosynthesis • Helmont • Priestly • Jan Ingen-Housz • F.F. Blackman • C.B. van Niel

  7. Pigments • Photons- Short wavelength vs Long Wavelength • Can cause photoelectric effect

  8. Chlorophyll Absorption Spectra • Chlorophyll a • Chlorophyll b • Both can’t absorb 500-600nm…what color do you think this is?

  9. Accessory Pigments • Caroteniods- ex Beta-carotene • Phycobiloproteins

  10. Photosystem Organization • Antenna Complex • Reactions Ceneter

  11. Antenna Complex • Captures photons from sunlight and channels them to the reactions center chlorophylls

  12. Reaction Center • Figure 8.10 • In plants water serves as an electron donor, when water is oxidized oxygen is released along with two protons

  13. Light-Dependant Reactions • Primary Photoevent • Charge Separation • Electron Transport • Chemiosmosis • ALL OCCUR IN THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANE!!!!!!!!!!!!

  14. Photosystems • Chloroplasts have two photosystems…sulfur bacteria have 1 what does this suggest. • Photosystem 1- 700nm • Photosystem 2- 680 nm • Cytochrome b6-f complex • Cyclic vs noncyclic

  15. Video Break • Photosystems

  16. And Now for a Video Break • Photosynthetic Electron Transport System and ATP Synthase

  17. So What is made? • For every Electron Pair 1 molecule of ATP is made…but this is not enough to drive carbon fixation…how do they cope? • NADPH is also Made

  18. Carbon Fixation • Converts inorganic carbon into organic molecules • Calvin cycle • 3 phases • Carbon Fixation • Reduction • Regeneration of RuBP

  19. Calvin Cycle • Calvin Cycle

  20. Photorespiration • Releases CO2 • Reduces the yield or photosynthesis • As Temperature rises C3 respiration becomes less favorable

  21. Coping with High Temperatures • C4 pathway- Captures CO2 in one cell and the decarboxylation occurs in an adjacent cell. • Corn, sugarcane, grasses. • CAM pathway- stomata open during the night and close during the day • Cacti, pineapples, and some other plants

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