Age of Jackson

1. Age of Jackson

2. I. The National Hero • Battle of New Orleans • British launch an attack on New Orleans, an important port at the mouth of Mississippi • Andrew Jackson leads an American force made up of volunteers, Indians, pirates, frontiersmen, Creoles and others. • Jackson was suffering from dysentery but he still commanded the fortification of the city

3. I. The National Hero • The Treaty of Ghent ended the War of 1812 • The Battle of New Orleans took place weeks after the treaty was signed because communication was slow. • Under Jacksons command the militia force soundly defeated the British • British dead and wounded – around 2100 • American dead and wounded – 8 killed 13 wounded

4. Ii. Election of 1824 • 4 men different candidates ran during the 1824 Presidential Election • John Quincy Adams • Son of John Adams the revolutionary and 2nd President • Supported by New Englanders • From Massachusetts • William Crawford • From Georgia • Supported by the South Hen • Henry Clay • He was from Kentucky • He was supported by the Western States • Andrew Jackson • Was born in a log Cabin in • Tennessee • He was backed by the • Westerners and people from all over the country.

5. I. Election of 1824 • Jackson had won the popular vote • Jackson had won the electoral vote but not by a majority • The House of Representative would decide in this case who would become President • John Quincy Adams was elected President by the House of Representative • Henry Clay persuades the members of the House to vote for Adams • Clay becomes Adams’ Secretary of State • This is known as the Corrupt Bargan

6. IIi. Election of 1828 • The election of 1828 pits John Quincy Adams against Andrew Jackson • Both were Democratic – Republicans • The Party splits – one side supporting Adams the other supporting Jackson Jackson and his followers form the Democratic Party Jackson claimed to represent the common man Jackson slandered Adams by saying he was a pimp for the Czar of Russia Adams and his supporters formed the National Republican Party Adams was accused of representing the wealthy and better educated Adams slandered Jackson and accused him being married to a harlot

7. iv. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency • Jacksonian Democracy • Andrew Jackson creates a new form of Democracy –Spreading political power to all people – “Majority Rule” Government by the people Government for the people by capable, well-educated leaders Democracy in social, economic, and political life Democracy in political life Defender of the cause of the farmer and the laborer in agricultural and industrial society Defender of the cause of the farmer and supported a mainly agrarian society Limited government but a strong president Limited government

8. Iv. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency • The Indian Removal Act • Jackson was an advocate of moving American Indians west of the Mississippi • Jackson’s Indian Policy • Adopt white culture (assimilate) and become citizens • Move west of the Mississippi River • American Indians could not have their own governments in within America’s boarders • Required Native Americans to sign treaties that force them to give up their land and relocate in the west

9. Iv. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency • Trail of Tears • The Cherokee Indians decide to fight the Removal Act and the state of Georgia using the court system. • They argued that they had adopted white culture • Georgia could not force them to leave • Gold had been discovered on their land • The Supreme Court Ruled in Favor of the Cherokee • Jackson ignores the Supreme Courts ruling • Jackson forces the Cherokee to move west at gun point

10. Iv. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency • Trail of Tears • The Cherokee were forced from their homes at gun point • They left all of their belongings • Marched in the cold of winter with no blankets • ¼ died enroot to the Indian territory

11. Iv. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency • Regional Differences – Sectionalism Northeast Mid-west South The sale of public lands Didn’t like the sale of public lands. The cheap land attracted possible factory labor Favored the sale of cheap land because it encouraged settlement & growth Internal Improvements Supported government spending on internal improvements like the construction of roads and canals Supported because they helped move raw materials and manufactured goods between the regions Opposed spending because the government raised tariffs to pay for Internal Improvements & tariffs hurt the South High Tariffs Manufactures in the region supported tariffs because they encouraged the people to buy American goods Opposed high tariffs because the South’s economy depended on foreign trade