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Cardiac Physiology I

Cardiovascular System. Primary function: convection ?mass movement of fluid caused by pressure difference"Heart- driving forceArteries- distributionMicrocirculation- exchangeVeins- reservoir. The Heart. central part of the circulatory systemdriving blood throughsystemic (high pressu

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Cardiac Physiology I

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    1. Cardiac Physiology (I) A. Rüçhan Akar Ankara University School of Medicine December- 2003

    2. Cardiovascular System Primary function: convection “mass movement of fluid caused by pressure difference” Heart- driving force Arteries- distribution Microcirculation- exchange Veins- reservoir

    3. The Heart central part of the circulatory system driving blood through systemic (high pressure system) pulmonary circulations (low pressure system)

    5. ejects blood primarily by reducing the cross-sectional area of the cylinder changes in volume are a function of changes in the radius squared

    6. volume of blood ejected by one ventricle per minute

    8. Haemodynamics study of factors that determine blood flow and blood pressure in the body

    18. Frank curve for isolated muscle Nothing dramaticNothing dramatic

    19. depends volume of blood before contraction (LVEDV) physiologically determined by the venous return “wall stress at the end of diastole” LVEDP determines the LVEDV and hence the resting length of the ventricular muscle fibers

    21. Contractility (Inotropism) increased contractile force at a constant preload or ventricular volume Activation of ß1 receptors Sympathetic nerve stimulation Epinephrine, norepinephrine Digitalis

    23. Frank Starling Ventricular function curve The solid line curve should appear first, thereafter the + and negative deflections to correlate with the voiceThe solid line curve should appear first, thereafter the + and negative deflections to correlate with the voice

    25. Force velocity curve for isolated muscle Nothing dramaticNothing dramatic

    26. Negative Inotropic Mechanisms Hypoxia Acidosis Myocardial ischaemia or infarct

    27. The increase in the radius-to-thickness ratio increases wall stress (or afterload) (maladaptive) at any given radius (LV size), the greater the pressure developed by the LV, the greater the wall stress

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