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Architectural (Residential) Drafting DT 1100. Scales, Symbols: Floor Plan, Materials in Section, and Door/Window Symbols. Architectural Scale. History of the Measuring System. Royalty determined units of measurement King Henry I Yard measurement King Edgar Inch measurement
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Architectural (Residential) DraftingDT 1100 Scales, Symbols: Floor Plan, Materials in Section, and Door/Window Symbols
History of the Measuring System • Royalty determined units of measurement • King Henry I • Yard measurement • King Edgar • Inch measurement • King Charlemagne • Foot measurement
The Architectural Scale • Measures Feet and Inches • Two types or designs of scale divisions: • Fully Divided • Openly Divided
The Architectural Scale • Makes large things small and proportionally accurate • Common floor plan scale is 1/4” = 1’- 0” • Other proportions or measurements on the Architectural Scale • 1/8”, 3/16”, 3/4”, 1”, 3/32”, 3/8”, 1/2” 1 1/2”and 3” • Full size measurement is the 16 scale, meaning 16 parts of an inch equaling 1/6”.
The16 Scale is used for Full Size and Half Size Measurements
Size Determination of a Scale • Example: ½’ = 1’-0” • Reduce each side of the equation to same units and compare • ½” = 1’-0” • ½” = 12” • ½”/(½”) = 12” / (½”) • 1 = 24 therefore scale size is 1/24
Sizes Compared to Scales 1/8” = 1/96 size, 1/4” = 1/48 size 3/32” = 1/128 size, 3/16” = 1/64 size
Writing the Actual Measurement • Feet and Inch/fractions: 6’-7 1/2” • Even feet no inches: 4’- 0” • Feet and zero inches/fractions: 8’- 0 3/4” • No feet only inches: 10” • No feet only inches/fractions: 5 1/2” • Only fractions of an inch: 3/4”
Architectural Symbols • Architectural Materials in Section, Door and Window Symbols, and Floor Plan Practice using Symbols
Material Symbols in Section • Used to represent construction material when sliced or cut by cutting plane • The type of symbols used depends on the the scale of the drawing • Symbols may vary with each office. Common material symbols designations have been derived by:1) Committee on Office Practice (AIA), 2)Task Force on Production Office Procedures North California Chapter AIA, 3)pamphlets, 4)manufacture literature, 5)textbooks, and 6)government agencies
Other Material Symbols • A. Wood frame wall • B. Small scale masonry • C. Large scale double wythe brick wall • D. Concrete masonry • E. Steel tube • F. Steel S or W shape • G. Poured concrete • H. Batt Insulation • J. Rigid insulation • K. Small scale plywood • L. Large scale plywood • M. Soil/Earth • N. Gravel
Other Material Symbols • P. Wood and timbers in end view • Q. Small scale steel in section • R. Large scale steel in section • S. Laminated timbers in end view • U. TJI side and end • V. Open-web trusses
Interior Door/Window Symbols • For Interior doors there is no threshold at door way • Cross lines at door swing and door intersection • Length of door on plan represents actual door size
Exterior Door/Window Symbols Threshold is shown on all exterior door symbols Outside
Drawing the Door Symbol Demo on the Board
Poche’ added to Wall Floor Plan Symbols • Pouche’ or Poche’ is a tone added to the walls to help them stand out on the plan. Options are: • Straight line poche • Freehand curved line poche • Leave walls blank Do This One
Add Profile Line Floor Plan Symbols • Profile line added to accent outside of wall • Use .9 mm pencil, usually done at the last so graphite will not smear
Brick Added to Frame Floor Plan Symbols • Other material symbols are also used along with the poche’, for example: brick and/or concrete
Symbol Exercise Handout BATT (LARGE SCALE)
Example of Exercise RUBBLE CONC BLK