Fishery science and policy Connecting information and decision

1. Fishery science and policyConnecting information and decision Serge M. Garcia D4 Science World User Meeting. FAO Rome 25-26 November 2009

2. Outline • The fishery system • The advice & decision process • Current situation • Conclusions Respondents Baran, Eric; Brenton, Bob; Chavance, Pierre; Farmer, Tina; Fulton, Beth; Grainger, Richard; Guitton Jérome; Hall, Martin; Le Fur, Jean; Laloé, Francis; Maguire, Jean-Jacques; Mahon, Robin; O’Boyle, Bob; O’Dor, Ron; Rice, Jake; Sainsbury, Keith; Sibert, John; Sinclair, Michael; Taconet, Marc; Vanden Berghe, Edward; Williams, Meryl; Ye, Yemin

3. Outline • The fishery system • The advice & decision process • Current situation • Conclusions

4. The fishery system Shipyards Agriculture Aquaculture Demography Maritime transport Defence Industrial fleet Government Artisanal Fleet Fish processors Global economy Oil & Gas Cables Pipes Ports Marinas Resources Ecosystem Global market Fish traders Fishery agency Banks Fishery research Chemical industries Tourism Int. Instruments Consumers Media Climate change NGOs

5. Complex processes

6. Nested scales

7. Poles Equator Subpolar Epipelagic Equatorial Epipelagic Central Epipelagic TransitionalEpipelagic Subpolar Mesopalegic 19 FAO Main Fishing Areas Equatorial-Central mesopelagic 62 coastal provinces 1km 12 coastal ecological realms 57 open ocean provinces Depth 64 Large Marine Ecosystems 160 Exclusive Economic Zones 232 Ecoregions 2km Bathypelagic O° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° Latitude Longhurst, A.R. 2007. Ecological geography of the sea2nd Edition. Academic Press Longhurst, A.R. 2007. Ecological geography of the sea2nd Edition. Academic Press SAUP: http://www.seaaroundus.org/eez/eez.aspx http://www.seaaroundus.org/lme/lme.aspx Overlapping systems of boundaries

8. Multiple time units • Century: the evolutionary scale of the sector • Decade: the scale of natural oscillations • Year: base of formal fishery statistics and quota regulations • Season: basic biological, fishery & management pattern • Trip: often the base of fishery reporting • Day: fishery reporting, log books • Haul: fishery reporting • < hour: VMS recording • Continuous: Plankton recorder. Bioborne sensors

9. Constitution Média Other stakeholders Other citizens Enterprises Parliament Government NGOs Households Statistics Fishery Associations Fisheries Authority Legislation Arenas Fishery Research Regional Councils Fishery Chambers Public Private Management Agency Traditional rules Taboos Functions Courts Fishery Committees Fishing operations Administration Regulation Lobbying Garcia, S.M. & Cochrane, K.L. 2009 A complex governance

10. Socio-economic policy Environmental policy Foreign policy Maritime policy Cross-sectoral connections Fishery policy

11. Global Regional National Science Science Science Market Market Market Fisheries Fisheries State State State Civil society Civil society Civil society Cross-scale connections Fisheries

12. Global change Impacts Impacts Interactions BIOTIC Target species Other species ABIOTIC Weather Survival Fluctuations Physical habitat Water Contaminants Living habitat Predators Preys Habitat Change Protection Restoration Attraction Gear impact Pollution Clues Risks Protection Rehabilitation Working conditions Removals Depletion FISHING Capture Processing INSTITUTIONS Conventions Regulations Financing Organization Process Demand Supply Management Development Information Lobbying Behavior Votes Competition Information requirements OTHER ACTIVITIES CLIMATE OTHER ECOSYSTEMS MARKETS POLICY VALUES Source: Garcia et al. 2003

13. Conventional New Sentences Evidence Pressure Info Complaints Evidence Sentences Query Communication Evidence Participation Communication channels Coordination Policy- makers Media Public NGOs Courts Regulations Objectives Modified from Garcia (2005) Advice Compliance SCIENTISTS Stakeholders NGOs Data Information Integration Negotiation

14. Outline • The fishery system • The advice & decision process • Current situation • Conclusions

15. New policy Crisis Demand Arena Co-assessment Sci. Disciplines Options Extended knowledge Stakeholder participation Advicel Decision Trad. knowledge Co-implementation Monitoring Performances assesmt. Good practices Integrated decision process

16. Science Other knowledge Perceptions Facts Values Quantitative & quantitative analyses Sectoral policies Societal demand Fishing Environment Coastal zones Development Integrating information Integrating: • Relevant disciplines • Science and other knowledge • Facts, values and perceptions • Quantitative and qualitative analyses • Science and negotiation processes • Knowledge and sectoral policies • Development and management • Sectoral policies in a given area • Sectoral policies and societal demand

17. Outline • The fishery system • The advice & decision process • Current situation • Conclusions

18. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Catalogues of expertise

19. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Bibliographic records

20. WWW. VIRTUALOCEAN.ORG ACCESS Ocean bathymetry

21. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Hydroclimatic data

22. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Biological information

23. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Biodiversity information

24. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Migration and environmental data

25. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Fishery statistics

26. Regional fisheries monitoring

27. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Information on stocks & Fisheries

28. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Processing platforms http://www.r-project.org/

29. AQUAMAPS Rhincodon typus ACCESS Processing Diffusion Interactive mapping IMAPS Caspian http://www.marinebiodiversity.ca/OBI07/sessions/talks-pdf/May.pdf

30. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Global diffusion

31. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Globefish: Fish Trade Portal

32. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Information portals

33. ACCESS Processing Diffusion Thematic groups

34. Outline • The fishery system • The advice & decision process • Current situation • Conclusions

35. New policy Crisis Demand Arena Co-assessment Sci. Disciplines Options Extended knowledge Stakeholder participation Advicel Decision Trad. knowledge Co-implementation Monitoring Performances assesmt. Good practices A complex decision-support system

36. New policy Crisis Demand Arena Co-assessment Sci. Disciplines Options Extended knowledge Stakeholder participation Advicel Decision Trad. knowledge Co-implementation Monitoring Performances assesmt. Good practices A complex decision-support system OUTPUTS PROCESSING INPUTS Resources data Legislation Catch/Fleet data Intl. Agreements Environment data Stat. software Policies & Plans Economic data Models Best practices Compliance data Methods Training Cross sectoral data WGs Education Bibliography Communication Informal knowledge

37. Decision-support system (cont…) Social networks Data bases Open Libraries Knowledgebases Glossaries Repositories Legislation Resources data Stat. software Intl. Agreements Models Catch/Fleet data Policies & Plans Methods Environment data Best practices WGs Economic data Training Compliance data Education Cross sectoral data Communication Bibliography Inf. knowledge Open Source platforms e-Meetings Wikis Contacts e-Training

38. Nested Evolutive Authoritative Affordable Flexible Building capacity Action-oriented End user-oriented Ethical Multisource Multipurpose Multidisciplinary Multicultural Multilingual Multiple outputs Multiscale Interactive Inter-operable Ideal system properties

39. TO DO list • Improved access to authoritative data systems • More systematic geo-referencing • 3-D displays • Visualisation of uncertainty • More dynamic representations • Google Oceans applications • Platforms for building atlases • Standardized publication platforms • E-training

40. Fishery Management Knowledge Network D4 Science dream list • Development of a community of practice • Open-source modelling platformsfor inter-disciplinary, bioeconomic, behavioural and ecosystem models and role games • Pool computing for large model runs

41. Fishery Management Knowledge Network Thank you for your attention