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Working Group on Effects, 29th Session, 22-24 September 2010. Task Force on Health: Results: PM. ECE/EB.AIR/WG1/2010/11. Michal Krzyzanowski TFH Chair WHO/Europe, European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn. http://www.euro.who.int/air. Effects of PM exposure on health: 2010 update.
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Working Group on Effects, 29th Session, 22-24 September 2010 Task Force on Health:Results: PM ECE/EB.AIR/WG1/2010/11 Michal Krzyzanowski TFH Chair WHO/Europe, European Centre for Environment and Health, Bonn http://www.euro.who.int/air
Effects of PM exposure on health: 2010 update • Intensive research on health effects of PM continues (500 research papers published in 2008-9): • Confirm WHO AQG Global Update 2005 conclusion on the increased of morbidity and mortality (heart disease, stroke, respiratory diseases) related to long term exposure to PM2.5; • Prompted US EPA to classify relation of cardiovascular effects with long-term PM2.5 exposure as “causal” (association of CV and respiratory effects with PM10, PM10-2.5, UF – suggestive); • Broader array of studied effects (biomarkers, reproductive & neurological effects) • Health effects demonstrated for various PM components / sources / characteristics. • Systematic assessment of health relevance of black smoke (The Netherlands)
Effects of PM exposure on health: 2010 update • Ongoing activities: • Preparations to the 2013 revision of EU AQ Directive: discussion on risk assessment methods at 13th FH Meeting; • European Study of Cohorts and Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) • Collaboration of ca 30 cohorts covering 900,000 subjects • Health impact assessment of air pollution: • in European cities (APHEKOM) • EU – analysis by ETC ACC • Global Burden of Disease – Harvard Initiative for Global Health & collaborators, including WHO (use of GAINS & satellite-based PM2.5 estimates)
PM10 in cities, 2008 AQG = 20 µg/m3 Source: ETC ACC
PM2.5 in cities, 2008 WHO AQG Source: ETC ACC
Potential reduction in YLL for two scenarios for PM2.5 reduction: LV compliance and AEI-reduction target Source: F. De Leeuw, J. Horalek, ETC/ACC, 2009
Impact indicators in 2020 vs. levels in 2000, for the baseline cases and the maximum technical feasible reductions (MTFR) Amman et al, CIAM Report 1/2010 PM2.5
Federal Environment Agency
Federal Environment Agency
Estimates of PM2.5 in Russia, summer 2010 Method: Env Health Persp 2010