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GNUTELLA

GNUTELLA. Peer-to-peer file sharing protocol Name based on hazelnut chocolate spread “Nutella” and GNU, the name of a prominent Free Software Organization Created by AOL employee, Justin Frankel A lot like Napster, only without the nagging legal issues. Let’s start here. Napster is….

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GNUTELLA

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  1. GNUTELLA

  2. Peer-to-peer file sharing protocol Name based on hazelnut chocolate spread “Nutella” and GNU, the name of a prominent Free Software Organization Created by AOL employee, Justin Frankel A lot like Napster, only without the nagging legal issues. Let’s start here

  3. Napster is… • Centralized system • All function and information is centralized into one server with many clients connecting directly to the server to send and receive information • Similar to SETI@Home, and most other client/server architectures out there

  4. And we have Gnutella… • Decentralized system • All peers communicate directly with one another and have equal roles • Gnutella developers call each client a “servent” • Similar to Internet routing structure which is largely decentralized

  5. Ok, what was that all about? • Gnutella can’t really be shutdown, since there’s nothing to shutdown • Napster only shared (shares?) mp3s, while Gnutella will share anything that you’ve made available • Gnutella is like a distributed computing effort, but not really

  6. So, how does it work • Downloading done through the HTTP protocol • Uploading done by establishing a TCP/IP connection to the client (who then downloads through a HTTP connection) • Port independent (defaults to 6346, but can specify any port)

  7. Basic representation

  8. Actual Network Crawl

  9. Gnutella is a old game redone • Telephone – you pass a message around the room, and see it transform before your ears • Your search query is the message, getting passed along everyone in your horizon

  10. The horizon • Determined by TTL (Time to live) • TTLs defaults to 5, but can be reasonably changed • Horizon peaks around 10000 hosts, so the network doesn’t slow to a crawl • Each query is a game of probability

  11. Anonymity • Searches are anonymous • Downloads can be tracked (via IP addresses) but each time the query is passed the chance is reduced exponentially

  12. But does it scale?

  13. Available clients • Morpheus (http://www.morpheus.com) • Gnucleus (http://www.gnucleus.com) • Limewire (http://www.limewire.com) • Mactella (http://www.cxc.com) • Bearshare (http://www.bearshare.com)

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