Status of SAR Typhoon Processing System

1. Status of SAR Typhoon Processing System Status of SAR Typhoon Processing System ITOP SAR Team ONR funded within Code 32 DRI on West Pacific Typhoons

2. GD waves Model eye WiSAR GD eye NURC eye APL pressure GD wind CSTARS wave SAR Typhoon Processing System (SARTyPS) SAR processing model data Descalloping Recalibration Debanding Reader NRCS Incidence angle Satellite heading Longitude & Latitude Land mask Filter mask NRCS better Eye Location Wind speed Wind direction Pressure Wave direction Wave height

3. SAR Acquisitions • A total of 168 SAR images were acquired at CSTARS during the 2010 ITOP field program. The majority of these images were acquired as low priority requests and were not targeted at a specific typhoon. Images were acquired from four different instruments: • Cosmo/Skymed – 19 passes • Envisat – 22 passes • Radarsat-2 - 101 passes • TerraSAR-X – 26 passes • The combination of background and targeted imaging resulted in 12 eye hits and 4 near misses.

4. Fanapi Typhoon characteristics acquired from digital typhoon web page:

5. Malakas Typhoon characteristics acquired from digital typhoon web page:

6. Megi Typhoon characteristics acquired from digital typhoon web page

7. Background Missions • TerraSAR-X, Radarsat-2 and Envisat data were acquired as background collections. • Low priority collections over typhoon region • Collections were acquired if duty cycle permitted and there were no conflicts with other requests. • TerrarSAR-X • 97 Requests, 26 acquired, 5 downlink failures, 66 vendor rejected. • Radarsat-2 • 101 Requests, 96 acquired, 1 downlink failure, 4 vendor rejected. • Envisat • 35 Requests; 22 acquired, 6 conflicts, 7 cancelled.

8. Specific Requests • Radarsat-2 • 7 Requests; 5 acquired, 1 Downlink Failure 1 TBD • Cosmo/Skymed • 37 Requests; 19 acquired, 12 vendor rejected, 5 TBD, 1 processing failure, • TerraSAR-X • 0 Requests; Satellite was not available after Sep 20, 2010 due to calibration activities with Tandem‑X

9. Feeding Hwind Input Input Output Output

10. Boundary Layer Model U10 PBL model swath of pressure gradient vectors 0 fit a surface pressure field

11. s0 Boundary Layer Model “U10N” GMF + directions PBL Model U10N new Optimize SLP Pattern Minimize S(DPSAR - DPobs)2 + w1S|SSAR – SSFMR|2 w2S|Ui+1 – Ui|2 DP, SSFMR

12. Boundary Layer Model Katrina, 27. Sep, 2005 “SLP-Filtered” winds

13. Descalloping Cosmo/Skymed-3 Original image De-scalloped image

14. Debeaming

15. Estimation of Uncertainties Non-wind induced areas Relative wind error Out of definition mask

16. Waves - Romeiser

17. Waves - Wackerman

18. Waves - Walker

19. SupertyphoonMegi CMOD5 CWaR3b

20. SupertyphoonMegi

21. GD results reported on Malakas-nov18.pptx GD/NURC comparison NURC wind direction, lower wind speed solution with cmod5 pol=0.8

22. Malakas uncertainties

23. Hwind with observations 1min sustained winds Hwind with observations * 0.88 = 10min sustained winds HWIND Hwind filtered sar winds (10min sustained winds) discarding points of out of definition mask which have 4 and 6 values, so where rcs and rcs-0.5 are out of cmod5 definition.

24. ECMWF 10m winds and mean sea level pressure reported on Malakas-nov18.pptx Malakas Model Comparison SLP results 10min Hwind winds 10min Hwind filtered Sar winds