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TOOLS AND MACHINES

TOOLS AND MACHINES. TEAM: HRLAS Luis Centeno, Anneliese Trujillo, Helen Soto, Sam Park, Robert Fitch. What is a tool?. “Anything used as a means of accomplishing a task or purpose”. Anna. What is a machine?.

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TOOLS AND MACHINES

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  1. TOOLS AND MACHINES TEAM: HRLAS Luis Centeno, Anneliese Trujillo, Helen Soto, Sam Park, Robert Fitch

  2. What is a tool? “Anything used as a means of accomplishing a task or purpose” Anna

  3. What is a machine? “A device consisting of fixed and moving parts that modifies mechanical energy and transmits it in a more useful form.” Anna

  4. Elements of a machine These are all simple devices that were common in machines for many centuries. Anna

  5. Landmark 19th Century Machines Robert

  6. McCormick Reaper (1831) Freed farmers from long and intensive labor leading to the industrialization of American agriculture. Robert

  7. Small Electric Motor (1837) This motor paved the way for modern electric cars and factory machines. Davenport used rotating magnets to generate an electrical field powering the motor. Robert

  8. Jacquard Loom (1840) Precursor to modern computer programming, the loom reads different punch cards sewing different patterns Robert

  9. Burden Horseshoe Machine (1857) This machine automatically produced horseshoes very quickly. It effectively put most blacksmiths out of work and dramatically lowered the price of horseshoes. Robert

  10. Howe Sewing Machine (1891) Sews clothes 30 times faster than by hand and initially put thousands of women out of work, but later sparks booming retail and tailor industries. Robert

  11. Cochran Dishwasher (1889) First commercially available electric washer. All others dishwasher are based off her original designs. Robert

  12. Washing Machines During the 19th Century over 50 different patents were filed for various washers. Sam

  13. The Typewriter (1875) Allowed for a means of communication and uniform in the business world and greatly decreased the cost of making documents. Sam

  14. The Electric Light Bulb (1879) Allowed people to work during the night and in the dark increasing the ability of production and free time. Sam

  15. The Telephone (1876) Basis of ALL telecommunications today!!!!! Sam

  16. Henry Ford’s Model T Gave Americans more freedom and mobility never before seen and the start of an enormous car making industry today!!! Sam

  17. Machines Invented by Women • McCormick reaper which played a big role in agriculture with earlier invention of Manning Reaper Created with help of Ann manning. • The first automatic dishwasher was invented by Mrs. Josephine Garis Cochran in 1889. • Small Electric Motor invented with help by Emily Gross Davenport in July of 1834 • The Sewing machine patented by Elias Howe, Created with help by Elizabeth J. Ames Howe as well of dozens of patented improvements. • Soap grater Julian L. Ryan • Washing Machine invented and altered by many women but given credit to Mildred Lord Luis

  18. Typewriter, at least 13 women invented typewriters between 1888 and 1894, 13th being Emma D. Mills • Iris Hobson who patented the potato digger in 1876. • Coin operated machines patented by Clara E. Patterson in 1889. • Lizzie J. Darr invented the postage stamp vending apparatus in 1891. • Cotton candy machine was invented by Emily Rochow • A gauge for cutting candy lozenges devised by Mrs. Robert Shields Luis

  19. Conclusion tools and machine Gender inequality: women invented, while men were credited. Women under-represented Women inventions of tools and machines were viewed as “domestic” Helen

  20. Women were given limited educational opportunities that excluded them from publications of their inventions of tools and machines Improved situation for both men and women Helen

  21. Quiz • What is the difference between a tool and a machine? • How was the typewriter revolutionary for the business world? • How did the electric washing machine and dishwater help women? • At least how many women invented typewriters? • How are women’s inventions viewed as opposed to men’s that cause women’s inventions to go unnoticed?

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