2011’s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A GLOBAL WAKE-UP-CALL: OUR CITIES MUST BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT

1. 2011’s EXECUTIVE SUMMARYA GLOBAL WAKE-UP-CALL: OUR CITIES MUST BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

2. 2011 showed that a city’s ability to avoid catastrophic mortality, morbidity, and economic losses depends upon its resilience (i.e., the capability to take a hit from a natural hazard and bounce back after it happens).

3. 2011’s MAIN LESSONDISASTERS and CATASTROPHES OCCUR WHEN ALL FOUR PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE ARE NOT IN PLACE.

4. 4 PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE • HAZARD MAPS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • BEST POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR: • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • RESPONSE & RECOVERY RISK ASSESSMENT ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK ANTICIPATORY DECISIONS YOUR COMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

5. 2011’s NOTABLE NEAR-DISASTERS, DISASTERS, AND CATASTROPHES

6. NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES DURING 2011 FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN JAPAN WILDFIRES IN ARIZONA AND TEXAS CATALYSTS FOR CHANGE HURRICANE IRENE AND TROPIAL STORM LEE FLOODS ALONG THE MISSISSIPPI River SUPER TORNADO OUTBREAK VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

7. MONSOON RAIN-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDES KILL AT LEAST 700 IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL ALTHOUGH RAINFALL IN MID-JANUARY IS COMMON, A MONTH’S RAINFALL IN 24 HOURS IS NOT JANUARY 13-20, 2011

8. 5 MILLION BRAZILIANS LIVE IN HIGH-RISK AREAS Five million Brazilians live in 500 areas deemed at high risk for landslides and 300 areas at high risk for flooding.

9. NOVO FRIBURGO: DEBRIS

10. MONSTER WINTER STORM IMPACTS USA’S MIDWEST AND NEW ENGLAND STATES From ice in Texas to too much snow in New England FEBRUARY 1-2, 2011

11. MONSTER WINTER STORM (FLORIDA IS LOWER RIGHT): FEB 1

12. CYCLONE YASI STRIKES NORTHERN QUEENSLAND STATE, AUSTRALIA CAT 5 monster storm made landfall with winds gusting to 300 km/hr FEBRUARY 2-3, 2011

13. CYCLONE YASI: A TROPICAL DISTURBANCE ON JANUARY 25

14. WILDFIRES RAGED OUT OF CONTROL IN WEST TEXAS AND TEXAS PANHAMDLE DROUGHT - AND WIND- AIDED WILDFIRES SCORCHED 80,000 -100,000 ACRES MARCH 12 - APRIL 11, 2011

15. WILDFIRE IN TEXAS PANHANDLE Billowing smoke caused by a wildfire in the Texas Panhandle near Borger, Texas, Sunday, March 12, 2006.

16. M9.0 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI DEVASTATED JAPAN 4TH LARGEST QUAKE EVER 3 – 100 M TSUNAMI WAVES 2:46 pm MARCH 11, 2011

17. DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN EARTHQUAKES GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER RISK TSUNAMIS TYPHOONS DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE FLOODS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS LANDSLIDES

18. TSUNAMI WAVE PATH

19. PASSENGERS STRANDED: SENDAI STATION

20. FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR FACILITY HAD 3 FAILURES

21. DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE IN THE PHILIPPINES INDUCED BY HEAVY RAIN 22 MINERS TRAPPED, BUT ONLY 3 DEATHS 2:30 am, GOOD FRIDAY, APRIL 22, 2011

22. DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE IN THE PHILIPPINES

23. SEARCH AND RESCUE

24. 164 TORNADOS IN 24 HOURS IMPACTED 7 SOUTHEASTERN STATESMS HIT BY EF5 AND AL BY EF4 TORNADOES OVERALL DEATH TOLL REACHED 350 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 27- THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 2011

25. TUSCALOOSA, AL: 15TH STREET DAMAGE; APRIL 27, 2011

26. SAVING DOWNSTREAM CITIES AND REFINERIES WASTHE GOAL AS MISSISSIPPI RIVER CRESTED IN MEMPHIS AND FLOOD WATERS MOVED SOUTHWARD MONDAY, MAY 9, 2011

27. THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOOKING LIKE AN OCEAN, NOT A RIVER: MAY 9

28. WORST SINGLE TORNADO SINCE 1953 STRIKES JOPLIN, MISSOURI REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TAKES A DIRECT HIT AT LEAST 116 DEATHS SUNDAY, MAY 22, 2011

29. WARNING SYSTEMS • Tornado sirens blared, giving residents10 to 17 minutes of warning.

30. THE STORM SYSTEM AT 6:20 PM SATURDAY, MAY 21: TOPEKA, KS

31. EARLY SUNDAY MORNING: BAD WEATHER

32. MAY 23: At daybreak, rescue crews were looking at piles of 2,000 damaged buildings, splintered houses and crushed cars, house after house reduced to slabs, cars crushed like soda cans, ---

33. CONTINUED: ---Shaken residents roamed streets in search of missing family members, fires from gas leaks burning across town, and more violent weather looming.

34. ST JOHNS REGIONAL MEDICAL CEN-TER TOOK A DIRECT HIT: JOPLIN, MO

35. HEAVY DAMAGE ALONG ½ MILE-WIDE - 6 MILE LONG PATH

36. RECORD FLOODING IN NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA:MUDSLIDES EXACERBATED DISASTER IN S KOREA SHARP CONTRAST IN INFORMATION TUESDAY, JULY 20 - THURSDAY, JULY 28, 2011

37. CHRONOLOGY OF THE DISASTER • The heaviest rainfall to impact N and S Korea in a century started on Tuesday, July 20th. • The Han River, which runs through Seoul, reached its highest point just before dawn on Sunday, July 25th

38. NORTH KOREA: SATURDAY, JULY 24, 2011

39. SOUTH KOREA: 100,000 SOLDIERS MOBILIZED FOR SEARCH/RESCUE

40. FLOODING IN BANKOK, THAILAND AREAWorst flooding in 50 YearsJULY - OCTOBER, 2011

41. OVER 370 DEAD AND LOSSES IN EXCESS OF $6 BILLION FROM PROLONGED FLOODING

42. BANGKOK: A FLOODED BEAUTY SALON

43. SANDBAGGING: CHAO PRAYA RIVER

44. IRENE: A $7 BILLION DISASTERNinth Storm andthe First Hurricane of the 2011 Atlantic Basin Storm Season August 21 to August 30 2011

45. AUG 28: FORECAST OF IRENE’S EXIT

46. TYPHOON ROKE STRIKES JAPANThree Weeks after Typhoon Talas (killed 67), and a M6.6 Earthquake September 21, 2011

47. PATH OF TYPHOON TALAS

48. EARTHQUAKE STRIKES CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND A SHALLOW (4.1 KM), M6.3 QUAKE LOCATED 5 KM FROM CHRISTCHURCH (USGS) STRUCK AT NOON ON A WORK DAY

49. EPICENTRES: SEPT 2010 AND FEB 2011 EARTHQUAKES

50. THE SHALLOW, 20 KM (12 MILE) DEEP, SMALLER EARTHQUAKE WAS MUCH MORE DESTRUCTIVE THAN THE DEEPER, LARGER EARTHQUAKE