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Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

REMEMBERING 2O10’S LANDSLIDES Rain-triggered, earthquake-triggered, hurricane-triggered, and wildfire-exacerbated landslides impacted communities around the world. . Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA. IMPACTED NATIONS .

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Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

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  1. REMEMBERING 2O10’S LANDSLIDES Rain-triggered, earthquake-triggered, hurricane-triggered, and wildfire-exacerbated landslides impacted communities around the world. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

  2. IMPACTED NATIONS Haiti,Madeira (Portugal), USA (California) Brazil, Peru, China, Taiwan, ), Central America (Guatemala, Nicaragua), …

  3. Hundreds killed and injured. Homes damaged, and destroyed. Cars damaged and destroyed. Lives and livelihoods of thousands adversely affected. Medical care needs of evacuees and displaced increased sharply SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2010

  4. Infrastructure (roads, bridges) damaged and destroyed. Urgent need for timely search and rescue $ Hundreds of millions in uninsured or self-insured economic losses. SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2010 (Continued)

  5. BASIC PHYSICS OF LANDSLIDES Planet Earth’s Restlessness and Gravity Causes: • Landslides

  6. LANDSLIDES NATURAL PHENOMENA THAT OCCUR WITH OR WITHOUT HUMAN ACTIVITY

  7. LANDSLIDES Falls, Topples, Slides, Spreads, Flows

  8. LANDSLIDE HAZARD • Landslides encompass all categories of gravity-related slope failures in Earth materials.

  9. SLOPES • Slopesare the most common landforms. • Although they appear stable and static,slopes are actually dynamic, evolving systems.

  10. SLOPES • Material is constantly moving on slopes at rates varying from imperceptible creep to thunderingavalanches and rock fallsmoving at high velocities.

  11. THE COMBINATION OF WINTER STORMS, HEAVY RAINFALL, FLASH FLOODS AND THE RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF PAST WILDFIRES, EARTHQUAKES, HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS, TREE CLEARING, AND URBANIZATION IS INCREASING LANDSLIDE RISK EVERYWHERE.

  12. LANDSLIDE TRIGGERS • Gravity slope failures are triggered by earthquake ground shaking orexcess precipitation • The slope doesnotneed to be very steep for a landslide to occur.

  13. LANDSLIDES HAITI MACHU PICCHU SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MADEIRA (Portugal) RIO DE JANEIRO TAIWAN CENTRAL AMERICA CHINA

  14. M7.0 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES HAITI THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE’S POOREST NATION WITH 8 IN 10 AT POVERTY LEVEL 4:53 p.m.; JANUARY 12, 2010

  15. THE HAITI EARTHQUAKE AND THE CARIBBEAN PLATE

  16. PORT AU PRINCE: 1.8 MILLION IN A NATION OF NINE MILLION

  17. EARTHQUAKE-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE

  18. EARTHQUAKE-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE

  19. RAIN AND MUDSLIDES IN MACHU PICCHU 2,500 TOURISTS STRANDED JANUARY 28, 2010

  20. On January 28, 2010, rain and mudflows devastated the homes of thousands of Peruvians living in the vicinity of Machu Picchu and created havoc for tourists visiting Machu Picchu and the Peruvian authorities.

  21. MACHU PICCHU

  22. Peruvian authorities used helicopters to airlift some of the foreign tourists trapped by rain and mudslides that killed seven people visiting the famed Inca ruins.

  23. MUDFLOWS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA:FEB 6, 2010 THE INTERSECTION OF HEAVY RAINFALL IN FIRST WINTER STORM OF 2010 AND BURNED OUT AREAS FROM WILDFIRES OF 2009 INCREASED RISK

  24. FACT: MUDSLIDES INCREASE AFTER WILDFIRES

  25. LA CONCHITA, CA

  26. MUDSLIDES IN LA CONCHITA, CA: JAN 13, 2010

  27. MUDSLIDES IN LA CONCHITA, CA

  28. CARS TRAPPED IN FLASH FLOODS AND MUDSLIDES

  29. CARS TRAPPED IN MUDSLIDES

  30. MUDSLIDES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

  31. ANOTHER VIEW

  32. SHOVELING MUD

  33. As the first storm of the 2010 season moved into Southern California, the National Weather Service issued flash-flood watches and mudflow warnings for wildfire- burn zones in mountain areas from Santa Barbara to San Bernardino counties.

  34. This storm tapped into subtropical moisture, giving it the potential to bring moderate to heavy rain and create significant hazards of flash flooding and debris flows, especially in the 2009 burn areas of Santa Barbara, Ventura and Los Angeles counties.

  35. WILDFIRE BURN AREAS ARE VULNERABLE TO MUDFLOWS

  36. SANDBAGS: FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE AGAINST FLOODING

  37. K-RAILS: FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE AGAINST MUDFLOWS

  38. FLASH FLOODS AND MUDSLIDES IN THE MADEIRA ISLANDS, PORTUGAL AT LEAST 42 DEAD FEBRUARY 20-21, 2010

  39. LOCATION OF MADEIRA

  40. WHAT HAPPENEDThe worst storm to hit Madeira since 1993 lashed the south of the Atlantic Ocean island, including the capital, Funchal, Saturday, turning some streets into torrents of mud, water and debris.

  41. WHAT HAPPENED (continued)The flash floods were so powerful they carved paths down mountains and ripped through the city, churning under some bridges and tearing others down.

  42. FEBRUARY 21: FLASH FLOOD

  43. FEBRUARY 21

  44. WHAT HAPPENED (continued)Funchal’s residents and visitors had to contend with a lack of fresh water as a result of destroyed infrastructure.

  45. FEBRUARY 21

  46. FLOODS AND MUDSLIDES PARALYZE BRAZIL WORST IN 50 YEARS APRIL 7, 2010

  47. WIDESPREAD INUNDATION

  48. RIO DE JANEIRO

  49. Flooding from torrential rains and mudslides claimed at least 200 lives in Brazil's Rio de Janeiro City and State.

  50. FEBRUARY 25: RIO DE JANIERO, BRAZIL

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