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10-2 Cell Division

10-2 Cell Division. Interactive Notes: pages. Chromosomes. Made up of DNA (genetic info.) and proteins Each species has it’s own differing number of chromosomes Fruit flies – 8 chromosomes Humans – 46 chromosomes Carrots – 18 chromosomes Duplicated before cell division

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10-2 Cell Division

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  1. 10-2 Cell Division Interactive Notes: pages

  2. Chromosomes • Made up of DNA (genetic info.) and proteins • Each species has it’s own differing number of chromosomes • Fruit flies – 8 chromosomes • Humans – 46 chromosomes • Carrots – 18 chromosomes • Duplicated before cell division • Become visible during cell division

  3. Parts of a Chromosome • Chromatids: 2 identical “sister” sides • Centromere: where chromatids attach in the middle • Telomere: protective tip or end of chromosomes

  4. The Cell Cycle • Events that the cell goes through as it grows and divides into two new daughter cells • Interphase- the period of growth between cell divisions • Four Phases • G1 (First Gap Phase) • S Phase • G2 (Second Gap Phase) • M Phase (Mitosis)

  5. 4 Phases of the Cell Cycle • G1- cell increases in size and makes new proteins and organelles • S- chromosomes are duplicated and DNA is synthesized • G2- organelles needed for cell division are made • M- mitosis

  6. 4 Phases of Mitosis • REMEMBER----PMAT • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  7. Prophase • *Longest (50-60%) • *Chromosomes become visible • *Centrioles separate & move to opposite sides of the nucleus • Spindles form • Nuclear envelope breaks down

  8. Metaphase • Chromosomes line up across the cell center • Microtubules connect centromere to the spindle

  9. Anaphase • Centromeres split • Sister chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes • Chromosomes move toward the poles

  10. Telophase e • Chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell • New nuclear envelope forms around chromosomes

  11. Cytokinesis • Cytoplasm pinches in half • Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes • In plants, a cell plate develops separating the membrane and a cell wall begins to appear

  12. The Cell Cycle results in 2 identical DIPLOID daughter cells

  13. Amoeba Sisters • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwcwSZIfKlM • Complete worksheet during video

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