Edna St. Vincent Millay

1. Edna St. Vincent Millay How is she famous? She was the first woman to openly question, in her poetry, and her life ask the traditional roles of men and women. She was one of the first feminists. By: Laura Morrow Edna was noted for being one of the greatest poets in America. She is remembered today by her dramatic works like Aria Da Capo and Lamp and the Bell. Published her first book Renascence and Other Poems. she also wrote the book A Few Figs from Thistles. That book dealt with issues of feminism.

2. Benjamin Franklin • BORN JANUARY 17 – APRIL 17,1790 • AMERICAN PRINTER,PUBLISHER AUTHOR AND SCIENTIST • 100 DOLLAR BILL • INVENTED FRANKLIN STOVE,BIFOCAL SPECTACLES AND THE LIGHTNING ROD

3. Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley were bishops in London England. When Queen Mary (Bloody Mary) came to power she arrested Hugh and Nicholas because she wanted to convert England back to Roman Catholic. After spending time in the Tower of London, Hugh and Nicholas were brought down and burned at the stake in Oxford on October 16, 1555. Hugh LaTIMERNicholas Ridley Nicholas Ridley Hugh Latimer

4. Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius was born on April 26, 121, of a noble family originally Spanish and Marcus Aurelius died in March 17, 180, at the age of 58 of a fever after a few days of illness. Marcus Aurelius grew up close to the center of power. Got married with a woman named Faustina, and bared 14 kids. He was known as the Roman Emperor in the future. Marcus Aurelius was known as the Philosopher, his morals and his intellect were trained by the purest and wisest men of his time. He was an associate in the government of the roman empire. Other than that, He gave a donation of eight pieces of gold to every Roman citizen, and made his son Commodus his colleague. The 4 emperors before him were one of the last good emperors who labored for the welfare of his people. Marcus Aurelius was the last of the Five Good Roman emperors after he died.

5. Jonathan Swift “We burnt copies Dante and Swift and Marcus Aurelius” The allusion is literary.I think its means that the government wants to get rid of Swift.Swift was The Great Satirist. He wrote Gulliver’s Travels.Swift was born in Dublin.Swift worked on and off for the temple.

6. On p.59 in the story Bradbury uses this as an example of something some people don’t like. He says that if it makes people unhappy burn it and he says other examples that a certain group of people don’t like and to also burn those. Little Black Sambo is a children’s book illustrated and written in 1899 by Helen Bannerman. It is about a South Indian boy that comes upon four tigers that are really hungry. Sambo gives up his new clothing and umbrella so that they won’t eat him. Each tiger thinks they are better than the others so they chase each other around a tree until they turn into melted butter. Then Sambo takes his clothes back and his mother makes pancakes of the butter. It was a favorite children’s book for half a century but then the word sambo became known as a racial slur. Little Black Sambo By: Rachel Younggren I think that this is classified as historical.

7. The Little Dutch Boy In the story on page 62 Captain Beatty refers to a Dutch myth by saying we have our fingers in the dike. The myth says that there was a big wall to keep out water called the dike and a little boy on his way to school noticed a hole in the wall and put his finger in it to stop water from coming in. This prevented the town from a flood.

8. HERCULES AND ANTAEUS Hercules and Antaeus were both giant wrestlers The allusion appears on pg.83 Anthaeus- He challenged all passers-by to a wrestling match that he invariably won. Upon winning, he slaughtered his adversaries. That is, until he met Hercules. Hercules had gone to the garden for an apple. On his way back, the giant Antaeus challenged the hero to a wrestling match. No matter how many times Hercules threw Antaeus off and tossed him to the ground, but it did no good. Hercules discovered the secret of his power. He crushed him in a bear hug. The story of Antaeus has been used as a symbol of the spiritual strength. The struggle between Antaeus and Heracles is a favorite subject in ancient and Renaissance sculpture.

9. Gaius Julius CaesarClassical: (July 100 BC– 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Dictator of the Roman Republic and a Caesar of the Roman Empire and also a military leader. Caesar Book Reference: Memento Mori: Remember you will die. (Remember you are mortal)

10. Shakespeare is a very romantic writer. He wrote Romeo and Juliet. 154 sonnets, 2 poetic narratives with erotic themes, and he wrote 38 plays at least. William Shakespeare there's your intellectual pattern for the past five centuries or more: this statement seems to show that the events described in the novel must be supposed to take place in the very remote future. However, their relationship with our time cannot hardly be overlooked.

11. Aeschylus Sophocles • Sophocles was one of the most influential writers of ancient Greece. • Along with Aeschylus he was also one of the three ancient Greece writers of tragedy. • According to Sudda he had written 123 plays in his lifetime. • He developed his characters to a greater extent than earlier playwrights such as Aeschylus. • Along with Aeschylus only seven plays have survived. • Aeschylus was the first of the three ancient Greece writers of tragedy. • Aeschylus is often described as the “father of tragedy”. • One of his works was influenced by the Persian invasion of Greece, which took place during his lifetime. • Aeschylus was a deep, religious thinker. • Only seven of his estimated seventy to ninety plays survived into modern time.

12. Def-A book in the old testament containing jobs pleas to the god about his afflictions and gods reply The Book of Job The book of job says things about suffering, almost every asks at one point “why to bad things happen to good people.” In the book Fahrenheit 451 , the book of job is told to be the society's out look on suffering , and pain. That is why Faber choose book of job. The book of job doesn’t answer the question why do people suffer. It gives the rights and wrongs, the feeling you get , and the meaning of life

13. A little learning is a dangerous thingDrink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.Alexander Pope Author Profession:Poet Nationality:EnglishBorn:May 21,1688 Died:May 30,1744page: 106 I believe It means if you're going to do something, do it properly and thoroughly; don't just mess around on the surface playing games. I think the quote is in this book because they are trying to make a point for some reason

14. As he grew up he was a very sick kid. Eventually he lost hearing in both ears and became blind in one eye. He was very intelligent and eventually attended oxford but had to leave after a year because of financial reasons. He then got married and moved to London, here is when his career took off and he did all of his work. Samuel Johnson Born in Litchfield England on September 8 1709, his father was a writer. He of course wanted to become a writer, and he did he wrote the famous book The life of Samuel Johnson. On page 106 he is quoted as saying, “Knowledge is more than the equivalent of force!” And, “He is no wise man that will quit an uncertainty for a certainty.” These are aphorisms, or witty remarks that tell us about life.

15. Quote: A little learning is a dangerous thing Meaning: A small amount of knowledge can mislead people into thinking that they are more expert than they really are or it's better to know nothing than to know something badly Alexander Pope (1688 - 1744). • he money earned from his translations of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey • age of twelve Pope contracted an illness (possibly Pott's disease) which severely restricted his growth. As a grown man he was only 4 foot, 6 inches tall -the quote originated from a poem that Pope wrote called "An Essay on Criticism" -Pope, known as 'the wasp of Twickenham', wrote many of his great works here.

16. “ A dwarf on a giant’s shoulder may see the farthest of the two.” • The quote “ a dwarf on a giant’s shoulder may see the farthest of the two.” it means how we as individuals can benefit from all those great minds that have gone before us (collectively a giant) by gaining great insight and understanding beyond what our own intellectual capacity and limited resources would enable us to learn in a life time. It was refer to newton. • ROBERT BURTON was a English scholar he was born in Lindley, Leicestershire, England February 8th 1577 and died january25,1640 in oxford England at the age of 64 . He was known for The Anatomy of Melancholy talking about his long life of suffering from depression. Burton spent most of his life at Oxford, first as a pupil at Brasenose College, and then as a student at the Christ of Church.

17. Knowledge is PowerPg. 107 First said by Francis Bacon Born: January 22, 1561 Died: April 9, 1626 He was an English philosopher, scientist and author Grew up in London, England Knowledge is Power: The more knowledge you have, the more you can do, which leads, in a sense, to having power.

18. Montag wanted to fly near the sun. Refers to Greek myth of Icarus, whose father made him wings to fly, but flew too high until the wings melted and he fell to his death. Beatty says that Montag wanted too much to defy the law and keep a library and that his downfall is his own doing, when Montag’s desire to understand is reasonable.

20. Revelations Revelations is mentioned on page 150 along with the Book of Ecclesiasts during a discussion with Reverend Padover regarding a Sunday lecture. -This leads me to believe there may be some religious significance in the book. It is part of the new testament of books in the bible. Revelations was written by the Apostle John. Revelations teaches us about who Jesus is, what he has done in the past, and what he will do in the future.

21. Thomas Jefferson • Born on April 13 1743 • Died on July 4 1826 • He is first mentioned on page 151 in our book • He was the third president of the United States • At one point he was governor of Virginia • He wrote the Declaration of Independence and signed it • He was also the founder of the University of Virginia and the author of the Statute of Religious Freedom of Virginia

22. Charles Darwin Born on February 12th 1809 and died in 1882 He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors. He published his theory by making a book called “The Origin of Species” His five-year voyages on HMS Beagle established him as an eminent geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell's uniformitarian ideas, and publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author.

23. Mahatma Gandhi • Gandhi lead non violent protests to gain the rights of all Indians living within South Africa. • He also lead non violent protests to free India from Britain control. Mahatma Gandhi wrote the book: The Story of My Experiments With Truth He brought independence to India and helped free the "untouchables". You must be the change you wish to see in the world. ~Mahatma Gandhi By: Ashley Andrews

24. Plato was a Greek philosopher • Student of Socrates • He lived from 424 – 348 B.C. Plato’s Republic • Plato’s Republic is a book he wrote • The book has 10 different chapters divided into 3 different sections • The sections are about what justice is, philosophers and why they should rule, and different forms of government.

25. He was a philosopher, teacher and political figure, Confucius was born August 27, 551 B.C. in Tuo, China. He founded Confucianism, a humanistic school of thought that emphasizes the moral principles of benevolence, propriety and ritual. Confucius died on November 21, 479 B.C. in Qufu, China. Today he is widely considered one of the most influential thinkers in Chinese history. Confucius Classified as Historical Pg: 151

26. Schopenhauer Cassy Morris Schopenhauer's system of philosophy, as previously mentioned, was based on that of Kant's. Schopenhauer did not believe that people had individual wills but were rather simply part of a vast and single will that pervades the universe: that the feeling of separateness that each of has is but an illusion. Arthur Schopenhauer is an artist philosopher on account of the inspiration. He also is a philosopher of pessimism, that is a worldview of challenges the values of existence. Certainly one of the greatest philosophers of the 19th century, Schopenhauer seems to have had more impact on literature (e.g. Thomas Mann) and on people in general than on academic philosophy. Perhaps that is because, first, he wrote very well, simply and intelligibly

27. Aristophanes • Aristophanes was a comic playwright of ancient Athens. • Known more for plays then self known. • His plays are the main source of information about him. It was conventional in Old comedy for the Chorus to speak on behalf of the author. • Some of his plays are The clouds, The Knights , Peace and the Frogs • His powers of ridicule were feared and acknowledged by influential contemporaries

28. In 1520, he was commissioned by Cardinal Giulio de'Medici to compose a History of Florence, completed five years later. He wrote plays, verse, and wrote a study of The Art of War. Mostimportantly, he contributed to political thought. The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli He was born 3 May 1469 in Florence . At a young age he began to learn from renowned Latin teacher, Paolo da Ronciglione. The first of his writings was more so associated with his name, The Prince. Written at the end of 1513 (possibly even early 1514).

29. Bertrand Russell Life—1872-1970 He is referenced on p. 153 His quote here says, “Wherever there is power, there is temptation to encourage cruelty in those who are subject to the power in question.” In the novel, someone becomes him by memorizing his complete works of written essays in order to carry-on his ideas. • He was a British philosopher, mathematician, and social critic. • He was a prominent anti-war activist; he championed anti-imperialism and went to prison for his pacifism during World War I. • He campaigned against Hitler, against Stalin’s Totalitarianism in Russia, and against the US involvement in Vietnam.

30. Henry David Thoreau • Published Walden or Life in the Woods in 1854. The book is about Thoreau’s experiences over 2 years in a cabin. • He hoped to better understand society by being immersed in nature. • This allusion to Walden appears on p. 153. It makes the connection of how Montague and the others have to live outside of society in nature like Thoreau describes in Walden.

31. This quote is a classical allusion. The Phoenix is a mythical bird that never dies, it is identified with the sun and fire. The Phoenix live for about 500 to 1000 years before it ignites itself on fire, a new Phoenix egg will then arise from the ashes. There are different Phoenixes from different cultures like the Egyptian, Chinese, and the Arabian. Bradbury uses this allusion because his character Granger is comparing the Phoenix to society. By: Kayla Roska and Mikaila Soule