St. Vincent Advancement Team

1. St. Vincent Advancement Team Design Review April 17, 2012

2. Introductions Hippotherapy Fatigue Device HEC (Hand Eye Coordination) Ball Database Overview

3. St. Vincent Hospital Project Partners

4. Hippotherapy Jacob Eisses Geunho Choi Anthony Reyes

5. Hippotherapy • Aphysical, occupational, or speech and language therapy treatment strategy that utilizes equine movement • Why the Horse? What is Hippotherapy? http://www.americanhippotherapyassociation.org

6. The horse provides a dynamic base of support, making it an excellent tool for increasing trunk strength and control, balance, building overall postural strength and endurance, addressing weight bearing, and motor planning. Hippotherapy cont.

7. Attention Deficit Disorder Autism Cerebral Palsy Closed Head Injury Developmental Delay Down Syndrome Emotional Disorders Who Can Benefit? • Hearing Impairment • Multiple Sclerosis • Muscular Dystrophy • Paralysis • Scoliosis • Spinal Bifida • Traumatic Brain Injury

8. Project Partner Needs Hippotherapy… System that simulates horseback riding for children who have underdeveloped muscle allowing children to gain: Strengthen core muscles Posture Motor function Balance Small children under ten Debilitating illnesses and movement dysfunction Poor posture Limited mobility

9. Project Partner Info • Need for Hippotherapy sessions on site • Amazing results but costly • -Average Hippotherapy ride cost ≒ $75~150 per session • -Normally runs twice a week ≒ $7,200~14,400 per year • Accessibility for urban families • -barns are not near by big cities • -saving travel distance (=cost)

10. Project Specification Overview Design Goal Develop a working prototype Start with simple design Modify prototype to fore bar design if necessary Design steering mechanism Design roll cage like frame to provide safe seat belt to prevent from falling off Make a handle for therapist to push Childproofing

11. Two different designs • Design #1 uses misshapen wheels • Design #2 uses normal wheels that drive 4-bar mechanisms to move saddle • The following prototype is build from design #1

12. Prototype Specifications • Overall dimensions: width 30” length 57.5” height 38” • Chassis dimensions: 25” wide, 51” long • Barrel is attached to chassis using 4 11” 2 by 4 legs

13. The barrel Semi circle ½ inch plywood Framed with strips of ½” plywood 2” wide 17” wide, 37” long, 10” tall 4 semi-circle ribs 2 by 4 base

14. Platform for wheel testing • Goals • Mimic horse steps • Test different wheel designs

15. Tested 6 pedal flower and oval Flower shape worked better than oval Right wheel connected to left to maintain offset Each time wheel rolls onto pedal, mimics a step by the horse. Front Wheel Shape

16. Rear Wheel • Oval shape Provides up and down motion • The change in radius causes change in height

17. Wheels will be made using ¾” plywood Used Plasti-dip to provide traction Difference between the radius of the major and minor axis will determine the change in height Flower will mimic 6 steps per rotation Oval wheel will mimic 2 steps per rotation Determining wheel shape and size

18. 4 wheels could not keep all wheels in contact 3 wheel design provides good movement and stability 4 wheel vs. 3 wheel

19. Journey of building the ride #1 • Build design #1 • Test full scale • If necessary, modify the prototype to utilize four bar mechanism

20. Front Wheel Design • Rear

21. Determining Front Wheel Shape • Considered 5,6 and 8 pedals. • More pedals equals easier to rotate • Used trig and geometry to determine the change in height as a function of edge length. • For octagon change in height=.1*side length • For hexagon change in height=.13*side length • For pentagon change in height=.5*side length

22. Determining Back Wheel Shape • Diamond Shape with rounded edges • Major radius 10” • Minor radius 8” • Change In height equals 2”

23. Cut out a groove for a pin Drill through the axle Put a pin through the drilled-hole Glue the pin and wheel together Fixing Axles on wheels

24. Testing • Rear wheel slid instead of rotating • Left to right movement broke the top layer of the plywood wheel allowing free rotation • Movement provided from front wheels provided positive results

25. Plasti-Dip will NOT last long -failed after 2~3 feet run Recap and possible failure report

26. Recap and possible failure report • Failure around the axle due to excessive torque -19 ft-lb @ stationary -equivalent to pneumatic pulse driver

27. Additions to Prototype • Add a push bar • Replace plasti-dip with bicycle inner tube rubber • Replace back wheel with an oval • Have metal plates welded onto axels so that wheels can be bolted onto axels

28. Aesthetics • Cloth/fabric to cover the frame and sharp edges • Extra Safety • Childproof edge guards • Seat belt for saddle to secure patients better After completion of Prototype

29. Budget (design #1) Total cost of prototype: $145.06

30. Project Timeline

31. Size • Able to hold children up to 5ft tall • Comfortable • Thin cushion • Safe • No sharp edges • Less likely for children to fall Additional considerations • Saddle • Enables more muscles activity • Easy to clean • Removable/cleanable saddle blanket • Strong • Need to hold 60-100 lbs

32. Questions?

33. Fatigue Device Team Matt Carpenter Emily McCuen Erica Zanath

34. Project Background Project was started in Spring 2010 Motivated by physical therapists need Need a device that can measure fatigue in arms Need to provide therapists with quantitative assessment Will be used with children ages 6-10 Keep children engaged

35. Design Requirements Therapist Requirements Quantitative Easy to use Engaging Adaptable Functional Requirements Size – IpodNano Weight – Wrist watch

36. Four games in one box • Rotating box • Works different arm muscles • Problems • Not adaptable • Not portable Previous Design

37. Current Design Wireless interfacing Two accelerometers on wrist One accelerometer on elbow Utilization of pre-existing games Different activities for various age groups/skill levels Different activities for various muscle groups MATLAB and Arduino programs created to measure fatigue for each motion used

38. Use accelerometers to find accelerations • Use accelerations to calculate forces • Set fatigue limit at some percent of maximum force • Plot forces of each hit • Stop game after the fatigue limit is passed • Sampling Rate • Need to balance accuracy and efficiency Calculating Fatigue

39. Open source microcontroller Very versatile Wide array of expansions Extensive community What is Arduino?

40. Our Current System

41. MATLAB-based programming • Serial communication interface • Continuous data streaming • Real-time acceleration plot • User interface • Fatigue level tracking Software

42. Control center for the therapists • Will allow therapist to: • Start and end therapy and recordings. • Input patients’ arm weight • Input target fatigue level • Can choose motion types • Display the force graph User interface

43. Ideal Output

44. Punching motion Games, Motions, and Muscles Drumming Motion Consider the force of the deltoid, pectoral, and bicep muscles Games Hungry Hungry Hippos Dribbling a basketball Whack-a-mole Drum set • Consider the forces of the tricep • Games • Punching Bag

45. Use iPod Nano armband Allows adjustable fit Device encasing

46. Evaluated possible failures of each component • MATLAB Program • Error reading data in • Interface to Therapists • Therapist entering wrong percentage • Wristbands with Sensors • Sensor moving around • Physical Games • Games become worn • Evaluated device as a whole Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA)

47. Software • Communication between Arduino and MATLAB • MATLAB Program • LabVIEW or Visual Basic Issues to be addressed

48. Complete Software Programming for two motions • Complete hardware assembly • Including encasing for hardware • Test and Redesign as needed • Incorporate other muscle groups • Add more games, with more complex motions • Smaller, condensed version of wrist/elbow bands Future Goals

49. All components on one custom circuit board • More robust • Smaller • Lighter Future Version

50. Questions?