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Analysis of Massachusetts Deaths 2006

Explore the causes, trends, and disparities in mortality rates in Massachusetts in 2006. Learn about leading causes such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and injuries.

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Analysis of Massachusetts Deaths 2006

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  1. Massachusetts Deaths 2006 Isabel A. Cáceres, Epidemiologist Massachusetts Department of Public Health Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation Division of Research and Epidemiology April 2008 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  2. Causes of Death Massachusetts: 1842-2006 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  3. Outline • Highlights • Selected Causes of Death • Cancer • Heart Disease • Diabetes • Injury: Poisonings and Falls • Disparities in Mortality • Single Mortality Measures • Summary Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  4. Highlights • Trends • Comparisons with U.S. • Leading Causes of death Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  5. On An Average Day, in Massachusetts, in 2006 53,293 Total deaths in 2006 37 Cancer <1 HIV/AIDS (15 per month) 1 Infant Death 35 Heart Disease On an average day 146 deaths 3 Diabetes 8 Injury 8 Stroke 4 Alzheimer’s 7 CL Respiratory Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  6. Life Expectancy at BirthMassachusetts vs. U.S.: 1900-20061 Massachusetts United States 1 2006 U.S. data was not available at the time of this release, 2005 US data used. Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  7. Overall Mortality Rates Massachusetts and U.S.: 1994-20061  1.3%* APC United States Massachusetts  1.2%* APC  2.6%* APC Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. 1 2005 Data. 2006 U.S. Data was not available at the time of this release Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  8. Leading Causes of Death Massachusetts: 2006 Cancer 25% Other 22.5% Septicemia 1.7% Diabetes 2.1% Nephritis 2.6% Alzheimer’s 2.9% Heart Disease 24% Pneumonia & Influenza 3.3% Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease 4.7% • In 2006: • 13,375 cancer deaths • 12,891 heart disease deaths Stroke 5.4% Injury 5.5% Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  9. Ranking of Leading Causes of Death by Race and EthnicityMassachusetts: 2006 1 Non-Hispanic, 2Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease Note: The lower the number the higher the rank Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  10. Leading Causes of Death by Age Massachusetts: 2006 % of Total in Total AgeLeading CauseAge GroupDeaths 1-14Injuries 33% 124 15-24Injuries 69% 471 25-44Injuries 44% 1,953 45-64Cancer 38% 8,660 65-74Cancer 40% 7,572 75-84Cancer 27% 15,333 85+Heart Disease 31% 18,811 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  11. Changes in Mortality RatesMassachusetts: 2000 and 2006 * Statistically higher than 2000 rate (p<0.05) ** Statistically lower than 2000 rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  12. Selected Causes of Death • Cancer • Heart Disease • Diabetes • Injury Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  13. Cancer Mortality Rates Massachusetts and U.S. : 1994-20061  1.8%* APC Massachusetts United States  1.0%* APC  1.7%* APC Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change 1 2005 Data. 2006 U.S. Data was not available at the time of this release Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  14. Mortality Rates of Most Common Types of Cancer Death by Gender Massachusetts: 2006 * * * * * Statistically higher than female rates (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  15. Heart Disease Mortality Rates Massachusetts and U.S.: 1994-20061  2.5%* APC United States  4.1%* APC Massachusetts  3.7%* APC Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change 1 2005 Data. 2006 U.S. Data was not available at the time of this release Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  16. Number of Heart Disease Deathsby Age and GenderMassachusetts: 2006 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  17. Diabetes-Related DeathsMassachusetts: 1999-2006  7.5%* APC * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  18. Injury Deaths Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  19. Poisonings 34% Causes of Injury Deaths Massachusetts: 2006 Total Injuries = 2,910 Other 18% Firearm 7% Hanging,Suffocation,, or Strangulation 10% Motor Vehicle-related 16% Falls 15% Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  20. Leading Causes of Injury DeathsMassachusetts: 2000 and 2006 Rate% CAUSE20002006Change Poisonings 9.0 14.9*66% Motor vehicle-related 7.6 7.17% Falls 3.2 5.7*78% Hanging/Suffocation 4.0 4.2 5% Firearm Deaths 2.7 3.219% * Statistically higher than 2000 rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  21. Poisoning Deaths Where Opioids Are MentionedMassachusetts: 2000-2006  6.7%* APC Total Poisoning Deaths Opioid-mentioned Agent  7.3%* APC * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  22. Fall Related Mortality RatesMassachusetts: 1999-2006 * Statistically higher than 2005 rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  23. Fall Related Mortality RatesAges 15-64 and 65+ Massachusetts: 1994-2006  6.3%* APC  0.7% APC * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change Rates are per 100,000 population ages 65+ and 15-64 respectively. Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  24. Suicide and Homicide Rates Massachusetts: 1994-2006  1.9%* APC  5.7%* APC  16.4%* APC * Statistically significant (p<0.05) APC= Annual Percent Change Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  25. Disparities in Mortality Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  26. Diabetes Mortality Rates by Race and EthnicityMassachusetts: 2006 * * ** N=1,127 N=969 N=91 N=13 N=51 * Statistically higher than state rate (p<0.05) ** Statistically lower than state rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  27. Mortality Rates by Education and Race/Ethnicity, Adults 25-64 Years1Massachusetts: 2006 * * * * Statistically higher than those with 13+ yrs of education (p<0..05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population 1Uses 2000 Population Estimates Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  28. Homicide Rates by Race and Ethnicity Massachusetts: 1994-2006 Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  29. Single Mortality Measures for Improving Health • Premature Mortality • Mortality Amenable to Health Care Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  30. Premature Mortality Rates by Race and Hispanic EthnicityMassachusetts: 2006 * ** * Statistically higher than state rate (p<0.05) ** Statistically lower than state rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population persons ages 0-74 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  31. Premature Mortality Rates (PMR) by Community Health Network Area Massachusetts: 2006 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  32. Mortality Amenable to Health Care • Definition: deaths for persons ages 0-74 from certain causes that should not occur in the presence of timely and effective health care1,2 • Potentially useful tool to assess • Performance of health care systems and • Track changes over time1 • Originally developed in U.S. in 1970’s; adopted and updated by many researchers especially in Europe2 1 Nolte E and McKee CM. Measuring The Health of Nations: Updating An Earlier Analysis. Health Affairs 2008; Vol 27, Number 1: 58-71; Jan/Feb 2008. 2 Nolte E and McKee CM . Does Health Care Save Lives? Avoidable Mortality Revisited. The Nullfield Trust. 2004. London, England Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  33. Mortality Causes Amenable to Health Care Causes considered as amenable to health care: • Amenable to secondary prevention • where screening and treatment are effective; • for example colorectal, breast, cervical, and skin cancer • Amenable to improved treatment and medical care: • that require direct medical and/or surgical intervention • for example appendicitis and hypertension • that rely on efficient medical care delivery • accurate and timely diagnosis, transport, and treatment • that respond to antibiotic treatments and immunizations • infectious diseases Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  34. Percent Deaths Amenable to Health Care Massachusetts: 2006 All Deaths Deaths to Persons Ages 0-74 Deaths Amenable to Health Care 10% Deaths Amenable to Health Care 28% Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  35. Mortality Rates for Causes Amenable to Health Care by GenderMassachusetts: 2000 and 2006 ** ** ** ** Statistically lower than 2000 rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population persons ages 0-74 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  36. Mortality Rates for Causes Amenable to Health Care by Race and EthnicityMassachusetts: 2000 and 2006 ** ** ** Statistically lower than 2000 rate (p<0.05) Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population persons ages 0-74 Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  37. Summary Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  38. Summary Massachusetts Deaths 2006 • The Massachusetts death rate was the lowest on record • Massachusetts compared favorably to the U.S. • Life expectancy reached a record high • Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in MA • Cancer and heart disease death rates continued to decline Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  39. Summary (continued) • Increase in poisonings and fall deaths in 2006 • Two out of 3 poisoning deaths are related to opioids • Increasing trend in homicide rates • Disparities persist by: • gender • race and ethnicity • education • geography Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

  40. How Can You Access This Information? • Hard Copies: (617) 740-2670 • TDD/TTY: (617) 624-6001 • MDPH Website: http://www.mass.gov/dph/resep • MassCHIP Website: http://masschip.state.ma.us(DPH’s Internet-based public health information service) Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation

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