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Medieval Universities and Scholasticism: Evolution of Thought and Learning

Explore the impact of scholasticism, the reintroduction of Aristotle, and the development of medieval spirituality on intellectual and societal structures during the Middle Ages.

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Medieval Universities and Scholasticism: Evolution of Thought and Learning

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  1. Universities and Scholasticism The Age of Reason?

  2. Peter Abelard; Sic et Non The Beginnings • How did devotional works of the earlier medieval period differ from the theological works of the high Middle Ages?

  3. Scholasticism • Scholastic method • Transubstantiation • What was the importance of the reintroduction of Aristotle's logical works into the West during the Crusading period? • How did scholastics deal with contradictions among the authorities they valued? • How did intellectuals' attitude toward nature change during this period? In what ways did women benefit from the change? • What was the institutional origin of the university?

  4. Gratian, Decretum Roman law ("civil law") Canon and Civil Law

  5. Medieval Spirituality • stigmata • Characterize the spirituality of female saints from this period. • What does Burger have to say about the "discovery of the self" during this time?

  6. Architecture • Romanesque • Gothic

  7. Literature and culture • chanson de geste/Romance • Chretien de Troyes • Bernard of Clairvaux • Cistercians

  8. Thomas Aquinas • Explain Aquinas's view of the relationship between reason and faith. • Could you describe this period as either an "age of faith" or an "age of reason"? • What texts does Aquinas cite as authority? To what extent does he value biblical texts? Greek philosophy? • Is Aquinas's attitude toward the natural, physical world positive or negative? Cite specific examples. • Is the universe orderly according to Aquinas? Does he make a distinction between hierarchy in society and in nature?

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