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Unit 12: Social Pyschology

This article explores the application of attribution theory to understand the behavior of others, focusing on the fundamental attribution error, self-serving bias, just-world hypothesis, and differences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures. It also discusses the impact of attribution on social behavior and the effects of cultural differences.

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Unit 12: Social Pyschology

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  1. WHS AP Psychology Unit 12: Social Pyschology Essential Task 12-1:Apply attribution theory to explain the behavior of others with specific attention to the fundamental attribution error, self-serving bias, just-world hypothesis and differences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures

  2. Cognitive Dissonance Stereotypes Self-Serving Bias Fundamental Attribution Error Unit 12: Social Psychology Primacy Effect Schema 12-1 Attribution (explain others behavior) 12-2 Foot in the Door Attitude: Formation and change (Persuasion) Social Cognition Routes to Persuasion Individualistic vs. Collectivistic Culture Just-World Hypothesis Attraction Social Behavior In-Group/Out-Group deindividuation, the self-fulfilling prophecy, bystander effect social facilitation Impact of Others on the Person Impact of Others on the Group 12-5 Treatment of group members 12-4 12-3 12-6 / 12-7 Group Think Compliance Conformity Group Polarization

  3. Social Psychology • The scientific study of the ways in which the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of one individual are influenced by the real, imagined, or inferred behavior or characteristics of other people • Today’s class: • How you think about people • How you explain their behavior

  4. Attribution: Why did he do that? • Attribution Theory: tries to explain how people make judgments about the causes of other people’s behavior • Three criteria used to judge behavior • Distinctiveness: Is this how the person treats everyone or are you different? • Consistency: Has the person always treated you this way or is this different? • Consensus: Do other people do this same thing or is this really different?

  5. Attribution: Why did he do that? • Bob walks past you without saying hi. • Distinctiveness: Your explanation as to why Bob did this will be different if he does this to everyone in the hall or just you • Consistency: Your explanation as to why Bob did this will be different if he always says hi to you or if you don’t really know each other. • Consensus: Whether you’re in New York vs. a college of 600 will change how you explain Bob’s behavior.

  6. Biases in Attribution • Fundamental attribution error: when explaining the behavior of others this is the tendency to overemphasize personal causes underemphasize situational causes • Actor-Observer Bias: This is the opposite used by us when we explain our own behavior. We overemphasize situational causes and downplay personality. • Defensive attribution • Self-Serving Bias: Tendency to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to external factors • Just-world hypothesis: Assumption bad things happen to bad people and good things happen to good people • Attribution across cultures varies dramatically

  7. Effects of Attribution How we explain someone’s behavior affects how we react to it.

  8. Collectivistic vs. Individualistic

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