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Early Sociologists

Early Sociologists. Chapter 1 Section 2. Auguste Comte 1798-1857. “ Father of Modern Sociology” Coined the term “sociology”. Comte focused on; Social Order- Processes which hold society together. Social Change- When society changes (also known as social dynamics).

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Early Sociologists

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  1. Early Sociologists Chapter 1 Section 2

  2. Auguste Comte 1798-1857 • “Father of Modern Sociology” • Coined the term “sociology”. • Comte focused on; • Social Order- Processes which hold society together. • Social Change- When society changes (also known as social dynamics).

  3. Auguste Comte 1798-1857 • Wanted to know the causes and consequences of • The French Revolution • Industrial Revolution • Felt people could discover these through the use of the Scientific Method.

  4. Auguste Comte 1798-1857 • Societies improve and progress through stages. • People seek explanations for events by; • Turning to supernatural- Theology (God’s will) • Religion and Philosophy- Metaphysical (Human Nature) • Science- Positivism

  5. Herbert Spencer • Rejected the idea that sociology should be used for social reform. • He envisioned an evolutionary model of society • The most capable and intelligent would survive and the less would die out. • What other scientist does this sound like?

  6. Herbert Spencer • 1st to use the phrase “Survival of the Fittest”. • Social Darwinism • Helping poor individuals or societies would be damaging to the best interest of society (locally and globally) • What kind of ramifications does this kind of thinking have for today?

  7. Emile Durkheim • 1st to show how social forces affect people’s behaviors. • Examined suicide rates in several European countries • Found that suicides were not all solely individual acts, but some were socially driven. • What are some of the common similarities of people who attempt or commit suicide?

  8. Suicide • Close ties decrease the likelihood of suicide Close ties to other people and community Marriage, friends, religion, etc.

  9. Max Weber • Believed that religion, not class struggle, was the main factor in rise of capitalism (opposite of Karl Marx) • Calvinist follower of John Calvin (Protestant Revolution, for those of you who can’t remember back to World History) • Sociology should be value free- • “No biases” • “Totally neutral and objective”

  10. W.E.B. DuBois • First African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard. • Conducted research on race relations in the United States from 1896-1914. • Wrote 2 influential books- • The Philadelphia Negro • The Souls of Black Folk • Along with Jane Addams, he co-founded the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

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