Unit 4

1. Unit 4 Customs

2. Questions • What do you know about British people? • Do you know how the westerners greet each other? • How do we, Chinese people, greet each other?

3. New Words • conservative adj. conserve v. conservation n. • attitude (to/towards) She has an optimistic attitude towards the future. • be familiar to/ with This city is familiar to me. I am not familiar with the Chinese ancient history.

4. suspicious adj. be suspicious of I am suspicious of that woman - I think she may have stolen sth. from our shop. • suspicion n. l have a suspicion that she is not telling the truth. • suspect v.n. He seems poor, but I suspect that he has quite a lot of money. The police have taken the suspect to the police station.

5. pollution n. pollute v. • Environment pollution is an increasing danger to human being. • Waste water from that factory pollutes the river and it is lifeless now. • cosiness n. cosy/cozy adj. We moved to a new apartment with great cosiness. It is a cosy little house.

6. ill-bred adj. • ill-come adj.不受欢迎的 • ill-considered adj.不充分考虑的, 不妥当的 • ill-looking adj.其貌不扬的,丑陋的 • ill-mannered adj.态度恶劣的, 粗野的

7. reluctance n. reluctant adj. • be reluctant to The child was reluctant to leave her mother. He was very reluctant to go away. • impression n. impress v. impressive adj. What were your first impressions of London? His words are strongly impressed on my memory. The interview is very impressive.

8. modesty n. modest adj. • "Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.” • She is very modest about the prizes she has won. • honesty n. honest adj. Honesty is the best policy.(谚) an honest man

9. conceited adj. conceit n. He became conceited after only modest success. No one admires a man who is full of conceit. • embarrass v. embarrassment n. • embarrassed adj. embarrassing adj. Meeting adults embarrassed the shy child. How can we avoid the embarrassment while having western food? When I began to sing, he laughed and made me embarrassed. He asked me an embarrassing question.

10. sympathy n. sympathetic adj. • I have a lot of sympathy with the disabled. • The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing.

11. satisfactory adj. satisfy v. • satisfaction n. I'm sure that's the only satisfactory way out. He looked at his work with a smile of satisfaction. Your work does not satisfy me. I am satisfied with what he did. • congratulation n. congratulate v. we offered our congratulations on her success. Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter.

12. imply v. • Silence sometimes implies consent. • His manner of speaking implies that he was not willing to accept the agreement. • The fact that nobody answered the telephone implies that the family are out. • consideration n. considerate adj. consider v. • Please give the problem your careful consideration. • It’s considerate of you to say so.

13. Text • a great deal of + U.N. a great deal of work/ money • spend … (in) doing sth. You must spend an hour each day exercising. Now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college.

14. It is true that… • Is it true that you are rich? • It is true that the city can provide much convenience and entertainment. That’s the very reason people can't bear to part with city life.

15. related to • She is related to me by marriage. • They are related to each other. • as for • As for the plan, you’d better think it over. • As for what he wants, I’ve no idea. • prepare • be prepared for [to do] • We are preparing for the evening party. • I are prepared to hold a party.

16. a bunch of • a bunch of flowers • a bunch of keys • a bunch of grapes • a bunch of newspapers • do • He does like football. • I did break the window yesterday. • Do remember to come on time • .

17. Grammar

18. Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs

19. 比较级、最高级 • great -er -est • nice, large -r -st • big hot bigger biggest hotter hottest • happy happier happiest busy busier busiest early earlier earliest • difficult, interesting, important, often, common more + adj./adv. most + adj./adv.

20. good/well/bad/many/much/little/far/old • good/well better best • bad/badly/ill worse worst • many/much more most • little less least • old older/ oldest/ elder eldest • far farther/ farthest/ further furthest

21. as…as… not so/as…as • He is as tall as Tom. • She dances as well as her sister (does). • They are not so careless as you. • You don’t work so hard as Mr. Wang.

22. -er + than • She is much older than me . • This question is a little more difficult than that one. • We walk much more slowly than our classmates. • Your book is less interesting than mine. • She was received more warmly than she had expected.

23. 比较级前的修饰语 • much, far, hardly, no, a lot, still, ever, a little, a great deal, yet • There is a yet harder problem. • Your car is far better than mine.

24. the + -est +(n.) + of /in • He is the tallest in our class. • Our monitor is the best students in our school. • Jack is the tallest of the boys. • She is my/Mr. Smith’s eldest daughter. • He works hardest in our class. • Of all his novels I like this one best.

25. the more …, the more.. The harder you work, the more progress you will make. The more you eat, the fatter you get. The more, the better. The sooner, the better.

26. …-er and -ermore and more + adj. • It is getting warmer and warmer. • She is working harder and harder. • Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. • He is running faster and faster. • It is blowing more and more strongly.

27. 无比较级的词 • We are inferior to others in many aspects. • This TV set is superior to that one. • She is senior to everyone else in the company. • This task is prior to all others. • I had collected material previous to writing.

28. 不加定冠词的最高级 1. Vegetables are best when they are fresh. We are busiest on Tuesday. The loss of water and soil was most serious in this area. (无比较对象) 2. It is a most(=very) touching story. It was most(=very) stupid to act like that. 3. Please send us the instructions at your earliest convenience. Fishing is his latest hobby. (有物主代词)

29. 倍数的表示法 • We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year. • Room A is twice as wide as Room B. (宽度是两倍，宽一倍) • This substance reacts three times as fast as that one. (是三倍，快两倍 ) • Our college is three times larger than theirs. (是四倍，大三倍) • I have half as many books as she has.(是…半倍) • Four is as much again as two. (是…的一倍)

30. Language points • far wider • far, much, a lot, a bit, a little, still etc. + adj.-er • He is far taller than his brother. • She is far better than me at writing. • I felt far better yesterday.

31. a range of • a wide rage of temperature • (气温变化很大) • a range of gardening tools(一套园艺工具) • a range of buildings (一排楼房) • a range of pictures (一系列画片) • a large range of motors for sale • (一长排待售的汽车)

32. grow up • He grow up in a small village/ in a poor family. • as a result • As a result we lost the football game. • in common • The twin brothers have a lot of interests in common.

33. become familiar with • They have been living in one neighborhood and gradually becoming familiar with each other. • We are not familiar with the city because it’s the first time we visit here. • It may take a very long time before…. • It will take you three month before you get used to life here.

34. a period of time • We have to stay here for a long period of time because of the bad weather. • need v. aux. • He needed all his charm to persuade her that it was not his fault. • You needn't talk so loud. • Need you go so soon?

35. Homework • Finish off the exercises to the text and vocabulary. • Go through the After-reading. • Preview grammar and try to finish the exercises.