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Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney

Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney. http:// library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENALIDX.html. Who am I?. 90% fused at: Lower pole . Who am I? . Multicystic renal dysplasia . Clue: (press now) .

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Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney

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  1. Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENALIDX.html

  2. Who am I? • 90% fused at: • Lower pole

  3. Who am I? Multicystic renal dysplasia Clue: (press now) disorganized architecture, dilated tubules with cuffs of primitive stroma, and an island of cartilage

  4. Under congenital anomalies • Multicystic renal dysplasia • Characterized histologically by persistence of abnormal structures – cartilage, undifferentiated mesenchyme, immature CDs and abnormal lobar organization

  5. Cystic diseases of kidney • Categories • Polycystic kidney disease • AD (adult) • AR (childhood) • Medullary cystic disease • Medullary sponge • Nephronophthisis (not a real word) • Acquired (dialysis- associated) • Simple cyst

  6. Who am I? • Outcome – benign • CF – microscopic hematuria • Pathologic features – single or multiple cysts in normal sized kidneys • SIMPLE CYSTS

  7. What disease is this related to? • Clue (press now)

  8. ADPKD • Important cause of hypertension in young adults, and cause of progressive chronic kidney failure • Cysts develop in cortex and medulla, lined by tubular-type cells • Normal tissue exits around cysts but often show nephroscleorosis and chronic interstitial nephropathy • Cysts are filled with clear serous fluid or sometimes hemorrhagic fluid

  9. Who am I? • The cysts have uniform lining of cuboidal cells, reflecting origin from CD • Enlarged kidneys, smooth external surface • Dilated elongated channels are present at right angles to cortical surface ARPKD

  10. Which is medullary sponge kidney and which is acquired cystic disease?

  11. Tumors

  12. Benign • Renal papillary adenoma • Angiomyolipoma • Oncocytoma

  13. What is this? • Renal cortical adenoma

  14. Malignant tumours • Renal cell carcinoma • Where do they arise from? • Arise from tubular epithelium • What are some risk factors? • RF: • Smoking • Obesity (in females) • Hypertension • Unopposed estrogen therapy • Exposure to asbestos, petroleum, heavy metals

  15. What type of RCC am I? • Clear cell

  16. What are the other types of RCC? • Papillary carcinoma • Chromophobe • Collecting duct

  17. Who am I? • I present often as abdominal mass • I am paler, more fleshy and more uniform than other RCC • I present most commonly between the age of one and four

  18. Urinary tract obstruction and stones

  19. Define hydronephrosis • Dilation of renal pelvis and calycese associated with progressive atrophy of kidney due to obstruction to outflow of urine • What are some common causes of obstruction?

  20. What am I? • What are the 4 types? • Calcium oxalate and phosphate • Magnesium ammonium phosphate • Uric acid • Cystine

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