ENGLISH I (Bahasa Inggris Teknik)

1. ENGLISH I(Bahasa Inggris Teknik) Goals General Instructional Objective: Students are able to communicate their ideas or opinions by using simple principles of English sentences in their daily live activities communicatively Specific Instructional Objectives: Students are able to understand the simple principles of English sentences Students are able to produce or apply the formulas on expressing their ideas or opinions Students are able to create more creative sentences based on the formulas Students are able to share communicative sentences to one another correctly and communicatively

2. TENSES There are eight Tenses that we are going to learn for talking about science and technology cases; and they are divided into three major tenses: • Present Tenses • Past Tenses • Future Tenses

3. Present Tenses • Simple Present Subject + Verb 1 (+es/s) + (Object/Adverbs/Adjective) Examples: You eat anappleeveryday She goes to school Subject + do/does + not + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs) Examples: You do not eat anapple everyday She does not go to school Do/Does + Subject + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs)? Examples: Do you eat an appleeveryday? Does she go to school?

4. Present Tenses • Present Continuous Subject + is, am, are + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti is studying English now I am playing in the yard They are writing a poem Subject + is, am, are + not + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti is not studying English now I am not playing in the yard They are not writing a poem Is, Am, Are + Subject + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Is Siti studying English now? Am I playing in the yard? Are they writing a poem?

5. Present Tenses • Present Perfect Subject + have/has + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: We have done the homeworkfor 2 hours He has played cardssince 9 P. M Subject + have/has + not + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: We have not done the homeworkfor 2 hours He has not played cardssince 9 P. M Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Have we done the homeworkfor 2 hours? Has he played cardssince 9 P. M?

6. Usage • Simple Present It is used for expressing daily activities or habitual actions; or general truths Examples: I take a bath at 6 in the morning The sun rises at the east • Present Continuous It is used for expressing the action that is happening now, at this time or at present. Example: We are studying English • Present Perfect It is used for expressing an action that has happened in the past but still happening now. Examples: You and I have eaten for half an hour

8. Assignment Telling about: • Daily activities (in a day) • Something is going on today • Things I have done for my future

9. Past Tenses • Simple Past Subject + Verb 2 + (Object/Adverbs/Adjective) Examples: You ate anappleyesterday She went to school Subject + did + not + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs) Examples: You did not eat anapple yesterday She did not go to school Did + Subject + Verb 1 + (Object/Adverbs)? Examples: Did you eat an appleeveryday? Did she go to school?

10. Past Tenses • Past Continuous Subject + was/were + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti was studying when he came I was playing cards at this time yesterday They were writingwhile she was sleeping Subject + was/were + not + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti was not studying when he came I was not playing at this time yesterday They were not writing while she was sleeping Was/Were + Subject + Verb-ing + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Was Siti studying when he came? Were they writing while she was sleeping?

11. Past Tenses • Past Perfect Subject + had + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti had studied Englishlast year I had played cards before went to school Subject + had + not + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: Siti had not studied English I had not played yesterday Had + Subject + Verb 3 + (Obj/Adv/Adj)? Examples: Had Siti studied English before went abroad? Had they written a letterlast night?

12. Usage • Simple Past It is used for expressing an action that happened in the past Example: I did my homework last night • Past Continuous 1. It is used for expressing an action that was happening in the past Example: I was doing my homework when he came 2. It is used for expressing an action that was happening on a specific point of time in the past Example: We were singing at 10 o’clock yesterday

13. Usage • Past Continuous 3. It is used for expressing two actions that were happening at the same time in the past Example: He was reading while she was sleeping • Past Perfect It is used for expressing an action that had happened and completely done in the past Example: I had done my homework last night

14. Assignment Writing about: • Past time experiences • My sweetest memory • My nightmare

15. Future Tenses • Simple Future Subject + will/shall + Verb 1 + (Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: They will go to the market tomorrow She shall go to the doctor next week • Future of Intention Subject + to be + going to + Verb 1 +(Obj/Adv/Adj) Examples: We are going to do our homework tonight John is going to fix the radio later

16. Usage • Simple Future It is used for expressing an action that will happen in the future, but it is not really going to be happened according to the meaning of: Dina has lots of money. She will buy a new house. She will buy some new clothes. She will buy a new car. She will go to Bali, etc. I will fly to Australia two months later Sapto has a very bad stomached. His friend says that he shall go to the doctor, or he shall take some medicines Will shows: telling plan and something that has been scheduled. Shall shows: giving advice or suggestion. Will: Shall

17. Usage • Future of Intention It is used for showing our intention on doing something, or Example: What ever will be, I am going to do my homework tonight. Showing certainty of something that is going to be happened and no one can prevent it. Examples: He is going to sneeze Those cars are going to crash!

18. Assignment • Make a group of three members • Each member should give a problem, and they should give a kind of suggestion to solve the problem; or • Each member should express his/her plan on doing some things, • Finally, they will retell what the member will/shall do to each other.

19. References • Basic Grammar • Grammar and Composition • Grammar in Action