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Blurred Lines. 6.7 | Roman Tyrants. War with Numidia (112-104 B.C.). Numidia would be led by Jugurtha He would outmaneuver Roman armies for several years Consul after consul would be sent to finish the job, with no luck. Gaius Marius. 175 – 87 B.C. An Unlikely Hero. Gaius Marius

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  1. Blurred Lines 6.7 | Roman Tyrants

  2. War with Numidia (112-104 B.C.) • Numidia would be led by Jugurtha • He would outmaneuver Roman armies for several years • Consul after consul would be sent to finish the job, with no luck

  3. Gaius Marius 175 – 87 B.C.

  4. An Unlikely Hero • Gaius Marius • Was not of noble birth • Worked his way up through the military • The people in Rome were upset with the Senate v. Jugurtha • Marius elected consul in 108 B.C. • Jugurtha defeated in 106 B.C. • Marius (a pleb) made the senate (patricians) look stupid • He would be elected consul again • Then again, for a total of 7 times (unprecedented)

  5. Gaius Marius Reforms the Army • He drops the census as a requirement for recruitment • He would hire the landless masses of Rome into the army • The state would supply them with a salary and equipment • Standardization of the Roman military • It became a professional career • The Marian Reforms created a standing army in Rome • This, in turn, created permanent leadership requirements

  6. The Roman Legion c. 4800 men

  7. Marius and “His” Army • During election times, Marius would disarm his army and bring them into Rome • They would “convince” others to vote for Marius • No wonder he was consul 7 times

  8. The Social War (91-87 B.C.) • Latin socii– meaning allies • This war was fought for Roman citizenship • The Italian allies wanted equal status with Rome • Tired of waiting • Long and bloody, but Rome would prevail (Sulla) • Would grant all Italians citizenship • While this makes people happy, it dilutes the value of Roman citizenship

  9. Marius? Sketchy Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix Jugurtha 138 – 78 B.C. "No friend ever served me, and no enemy ever wronged me, whom I have not repaid in full"

  10. The Mithridatic Wars 88-63 BC • Mithridates IV Eupator of Pontus • A Greek • Fed on the rage felt by Greeks in Asia Minor • Asia Minor revolts against Rome (story of tax collectors) • Mithridates successful initially Herakles

  11. Sulla • Fresh from success in the Social war • Was given command against Mithridates • This upsets Marius • Who felt he should have this honor (Sulla a patrician) • Sulla invades Greece first • Devastates the land (Plato’s academy; loot of Delphi)

  12. Marius Gets Mad Sulla is stealing his spotlight

  13. The Two Egos Fight • Marius • Convinces the senate to “change their mind” • Sulla • Gets mad • Returns to Rome • And sacks the city in 88 B.C. • Marius • Flees to gather his army • Sulla • Has the senate “change their mind” • Goes back to continue war with Mithridates • Marius • Returns to Rome • Elected consul again (7) • Dies of old age (86 B.C.)

  14. Sulla Becomes Dictator • Sulla defeats Mithridates and returns home • By now, the senate had outlawed him • The senate had raised a massive army to resist Sulla • Sulla defeats the army and has the senate declare him dictator (81 B.C.) • Then again, every six months, for life • The senate is becoming powerless against powerful individuals

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