Module 4—Hazard Prevention and Control

1. Management Commitment and Employee Involvement Safety and Health Training Worksite Analysis Safety Management Hazard Prevention and Control Module 4—Hazard Prevention and Control

2. Module 4 Objectives At the end of this module, you will be able to: • Identify the factors OSHA includes under hazard prevention and control in its voluntary Safety and Health Program Management guidelines. • Understand the key aspects of an engineering design and start-up review.

3. Module 4 Objectives—continued • Consider other control methods when the hazard cannot be engineered out of the job. • Recognize the key components of an emergency plan. • Recognize the key components of a medical program.

4. Prevention Versus Control Hazard Prevention The process of designing a job or operation so that hazards are completely eliminated Hazard Control The process of designing or finding ways to minimize the risk of a hazard that cannot be entirely eliminated

5. Recognize Evaluate The Safety Process Control

6. Activity Instructions Review the factors that demonstrate hazard prevention and control, then check the items you feel your organization does well.

7. Engineering Controls • Redesign of equipment • Substitution of a material, equipment, or process • Change of process to minimize or eliminate hazard • Use of barriers or shields to isolate a hazard • Use of barriers to isolate a person • Ventilation

8. Administrative Controls • Training and education • Procedures to limit exposure • Increasing distance between hazard and employee • Adjusting work schedules and rotating assignments to reduce exposure • Maintenance • Good housekeeping • Wet work methods

9. PPE Controls • Protective clothing, headwear, footwear • Eye and face protection • Respiratory protection • Hearing protection • Fall protection • Protection against electrical hazards

10. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process An analysis of the processes involved in and the potential hazards associated with: • A newly constructed building or facility. • A remodeled or expanded building or facility. • New tools or equipment. • A new process or procedure.

11. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process When to perform: • During the design phase of any construction or installation project • Ideally should precede any capital or operational purchasing decisions

12. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process Why it’s Important: • Can reduce injuries, illnesses and environmental damage. • Prevents expensive retrofitting. • Increases productivity. • Lowers installation and operating costs.

13. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process What it Assesses: • Potential hazards during construction or installation • Potential hazards during normal use • Potential hazards during maintenance

14. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process Who Should be on the Team: • Design engineers • Construction personnel • Machinists • Users of new facility or equipment • People who will maintain new facility or equipment • Safety personnel

15. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process Engineering Qualifications: • Knowledge of and familiarity with OSHA regulations • Able to apply basic safety principles • Able to listen to people who will use the design • Concern for impact design will have on safety • Attention to impact on environment

16. Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process Question for thought: In evaluating the performance of a project engineer, what criteria and benchmarks are generally used?

17. Sustainability Considerations • Can this design protect employees from exposures to hazards? • Is the design friendly toward the environment? • Can this design effectively use energy and control emissions? • Can this design reduce water use? • Can this design recycle water or use recycled water?

18. Sustainability Considerations • Can the materials used in this design be made from renewable resources? • Can the materials be non-toxic to employees and community members? • Will toxic substances be released into the air during construction, installation, or use? • When the materials are no longer useful, can they be discarded without harming the environment or using space in a landfill?

19. Activity Instructions In your group, identify what you believe are the important components of an emergency plan, including: • What should be included in an emergency plan? • How should it be communicated to the organization?

20. Activity Instructions Review the list of components that are an important part of a medical program. Check those that your organization already does, then check any you think it should implement. Already Do Should Implement

21. Activity Instructions List the hazards you identified in the case study, then list controls that will either eliminate or control the hazards. Indicate whether each control is: • Engineering. • Administrative. • PPE.

22. Top Management Supervisors Employees Implementation Roles • What is top management’s role in implementing these controls? • The supervisor’s role? • The employee’s role?

23. Activity Instructions For each of the identified hazards, brainstorm the following: • Ways to design the hazards out of the palletizer altogether. • Ways to achieve sustainability with the new palletizer.