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Fundamentals of Pharmacology for Veterinary Technicians

Fundamentals of Pharmacology for Veterinary Technicians. Chapter 9 Respiratory System Drugs. Basic Anatomy and Physiology. The respiratory system is the body system that brings oxygen from the air into the body for delivery via the blood to cells

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Fundamentals of Pharmacology for Veterinary Technicians

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  1. Fundamentals of Pharmacology for Veterinary Technicians Chapter 9 Respiratory System Drugs © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  2. Basic Anatomy and Physiology • The respiratory system is the body system that brings oxygen from the air into the body for delivery via the blood to cells • Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the cells of the body • Ventilation is the bringing in of fresh air © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  3. Basic Anatomy and Physiology © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  4. Respiratory Drugs • Expectorants • Increase the flow of respiratory secretions to allow material to be coughed up from the lungs • Increase the fluidity of mucus • An example is guaifenesin © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  5. Respiratory Drugs • Mucolytics • Decrease the viscosity or thickness of respiratory secretions • An example is acetylcysteine(also used to treat acetaminophen toxicity) © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  6. Respiratory Drugs • Antitussives • Suppress coughs • May be centrally acting or locally acting • Centrally acting antitussives include butorphanol, hydrocodone, codeine, dextromethorphan, and trimeprazine (in a combination product) © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  7. Respiratory Drugs • Decongestants • Decrease the congestion of nasal passages by reducing swelling • Examples include phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  8. Respiratory Drugs • Bronchodilators • Widen the lumen of the bronchi and counteract bronchoconstriction • Examples include cholinergic blocking agents (anticholinergics such as aminopentamide, atropine, and glycopyrrolate), beta-2-adrenergic agonists (such as epinephrine, isoproteronol, terbutaline, and albuterol), and methylxanthines (such as aminophylline and theophylline) © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  9. Respiratory Drugs • Antihistamines • Block the effects of histamine • Antihistamine drug names usually end with –amine • Side effects include CNS depression and anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth • Examples include diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

  10. Respiratory Drugs • Respiratory stimulants • Stimulate the animal to increase its respirations • Examples include naloxone (usually used to stimulate respiration following narcotic overdose) and yohimbine (used to reverse xylazine administration or overdose) © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the Thomson Corporation.

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