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Teaching Soaring Weather

Teaching Soaring Weather. Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Rich Carlson. Determining When to Land. What effect does the wind have on landing?. 27. 9. Effect of 20 Kt wind. Time on Downwind: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change?. 20 Kts. 27. 9.

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Teaching Soaring Weather

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  1. Teaching Soaring Weather Soaring Safety Foundation FIRC Rich Carlson

  2. Determining When to Land • What effect does the wind have on landing?

  3. 27 9 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on Downwind: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? 20 Kts

  4. 27 9 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on base: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? 20 Kts

  5. 27 9 Effect of 20 Kt wind Time on Final: More, Less, no Change? Altitude loss: More, Less, no Change? 20 Kts

  6. 27 9 Effect of 20 Kt wind Which path is your student likely to fly? Which path do you want them to fly? 4 20 Kts 3 1 2

  7. Final Approach(No wind) 60 kts @ 500 ft/m decent rate 12:1 glide slope 24 seconds 200 2400

  8. Final Approach(20 Kt Head Wind) 60 kts @ 500 ft/m decent rate 8:1 glide slope 24 seconds 200 800 2400

  9. Final Approach(20 kt wind shear) 60 kts @ 500 ft/m decent rate Maintain constant speed during approach How much time remains? 200 20 kts 0 kts X Y 800 2400

  10. Decision Time • With a 20 kt shear, are you likely to • overshoot (into area Y) • undershoot (into area X) • Said another way, what actions do you need to take to reach your intended touchdown point • close the spoilers to extend (undershooting) • open the spoilers to sink faster (overshooting) • Another variation, what will the aim spot do? • move up on the canopy (undershooting) • move down on the canopy (overshooting)

  11. How much Altitude does it take to regain original airspeed? ?

  12. Preliminary Analytical Results • No Wind • Distance is X • Steady 20 Kt head wind • Distance is X * 0.67 (33% shorter) • Wind Gradient Case • Distance is X * 0.47 (53% shorter)

  13. Shear Encounters • When can this happen? • Landing in gusty conditions • Landing area shielded by obstructions • During good thermal conditions

  14. Recommendations • Plan for this loss of energy • Pick an approach speed that will allow for some loss • Move base leg closer to runway edge • Be higher turning Final • Be prepared to close the spoilers • Be prepared to pitch forward to maintain/recover airspeed

  15. Conclusions • Shear line causes loss of Total Energy • Large Pitch change required to rapidly recover lost energy • Large amount of Time ‘lost’ while total energy changes • Immediate action is required to reach original touchdown point!

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