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Identification of orders of aquatic insects

Identification of orders of aquatic insects. Terminology. Diagram on page 54 Glossary on pages 179-185. Antenna. Labrum. Compound eye. Pronotum. Wing pads. Mesonotum. Gills. Metanotum. Abdomen. Claw. Tibia. Tarsus. Femur. Cercus. Ward et al.’s key to orders. Ephemeroptera.

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Identification of orders of aquatic insects

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  1. Identification of orders of aquatic insects

  2. Terminology • Diagram on page 54 • Glossary on pages 179-185 Antenna Labrum Compound eye Pronotum Wing pads Mesonotum Gills Metanotum Abdomen Claw Tibia Tarsus Femur Cercus

  3. Ward et al.’s key to orders

  4. Ephemeroptera • Mayflies • All larvae aquatic • Characteristics • Wing pads • 1 claw on each leg (contrast with Plecoptera) • 2-3 terminal segmented filaments (cerci) on abdomen • Usually with lateral abdominal gills

  5. Plecoptera • Stoneflies • All larvae aquatic • Characteristics • Wing pads • 2 claws on each leg (contrast with Ephemeroptera) • 2 cerci • No lateral abdominal gills

  6. Trichoptera • Caddisflies • All larvae aquatic • Characteristics • No wing pads (contrast with Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera) • 3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera) • 1 pair of terminal abdominal prolegs (contrast with Lepidoptera and larval Coleoptera) • Often in cases

  7. Diptera • True flies • All larvae aquatic • Characteristics • No jointed legs on thorax, some with prolegs on prothorax (contrast with Trichoptera, larval Coleoptera and Lepidoptera) • Very diverse group

  8. What are these taxa? • Chironomidae

  9. Coleoptera • Beetles • Some adults and larvae aquatic • Mostly lentic except for Elmidae • Characteristics • Adults • 1st pair of wings hardened to form nonoverlapping shell-like covering (elytra) over abdomen (contrast with adult Hemiptera) • Chewing mouthparts

  10. Coleoptera • Characteristics • Larvae • 3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera) • No terminal abdominal prolegs (contrast with Trichoptera)

  11. Odonata • Dragonflies and damselflies • All larvae aquatic • Mostly lentic • Characteristics • Wing pads • No cerci, some with unsegmented terminal gills (contrast with Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera) • Grasping mouthparts forming hinged structure (labium) under head (contrast with larval Hemiptera)

  12. Hemiptera • True bugs • Some adults and larvae aquatic or semi-aquatic • Mostly lentic except for Naucoridae • Characteristics • 1st pair of wings with hardened base and overlapping membranous apical portion (contrast with adult Coleoptera) • Sucking/piercing mouthparts forming long jointed beak (contrast with larval Coleoptera and Odonata)

  13. Lepidoptera • Butterflies and moths • Few larvae aquatic • Mostly lentic except for Pyralidae • Characteristics • 3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera) • At least 2 pairs of abdominal prolegs terminating in circle of hooklets (crochets) (contrast with Trichopteraand larval Coleoptera)

  14. Megaloptera • Dobsonflies and alderflies • All larvae aquatic • Mostly lentic • Characteristics • 7-8 pairs of lateral abdominal filaments (contrast with Trichoptera and larval Coleoptera) • Sialidae with long pointed filament at apex of abdomen • Corydalidae with anal hooks on final abdominal segment

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