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Media Access and HIV Rates: A Relationship?

Media Access and HIV Rates: A Relationship?. Zoe Stathopoulos zs0484a@american.edu American University School of International Service. Research Question & Research Hypothesis. Research Question: Does the amount of radios in a country influence its HIV prevalence rate?

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Media Access and HIV Rates: A Relationship?

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  1. Media Access and HIV Rates: A Relationship? Zoe Stathopoulos zs0484a@american.edu American University School of International Service

  2. Research Question & Research Hypothesis • Research Question: Does the amount of radios in a country influence its HIV prevalence rate? • Research Hypothesis: Controlling for Adult Female Literacy Rate and GDP per capita, we expect that countries in which radios are more widely circulated will be negatively correlated with HIV prevalence rates.

  3. Lit. Review Jacob Bor, (April 2007). The political economy of AIDS leadership in developing countries: An exploratory analysis. • Question: Why have the leaders of some countries made AIDS a national priority while others have all but ignored the epidemic? • Findings: Significant relationship between press freedom and political commitment to making AIDS reduction a national priority. • (can help educate public, alleviate sigma, etc) Damien de Walque, (Nov. 2007). How does the impact of an HIV/AIDS information campaign vary with educational attainment? • Question: How does the impact of an HIV/AIDS information campaign vary with educational attainment? • Hypothesis: Education helps people to respond to health-related information. • Findings: More educated individuals have benefited more from the HIV/AIDS prevention campaign. • (for my paper this indicates that access to information resonates with people)

  4. Data • Data source: Pippa Norri Data Set, 2009 • Reliability of the data • 191 countries • Dependent variable • HIV Prevalence Rates 2003 • (as % of population ages 15-49) • Data taken from the World Bank (2004) • Interval-Ratio Variable • Independent Variables: Interval-Ratio • X1 = Radios (per 1,000 people) (KOF) • X2 = Adult Female Literacy Rates 2002 (UNDP 2004) • X3 = GPD per capita 2006 (World Bank 2007)

  5. Descriptive Statistics • Measures of Central Tendency • Mean, Median, Mean, Mean • Although we do have missing data, all measurements are still above 100 so we can make inferences

  6. Histograms- HIV and Log HIV

  7. Bivariate analysis All negatively correlated.

  8. Regression Analysis Note: Radios and GDP could not be used together as they are correlated. Muslim = dummy variable * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001

  9. Findings & Policy Implications Findings: Did you accept your research hypothesis? • Yes! The number of radios in a country is negatively correlated to its HIV rate. • Limitations: Radios & GDP correlated– variables could not be used together What are the policy implications of your findings? • In order to decrease HIV rates, an increase in media access, and thus information, must be provided to citizens. Since radios and GDP per capita are correlated, the government must find a way to provide radios to its citizens who cannot afford a radio. I suggest that the government either set up community radio centers or partner with organizations that distribute free radios to developing nations. This increased access to media and information could help increase public knowledge about HIV rates.

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