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Overall course structure

Overall course structure. AI Artificial Intelligence ( A modern approach ). AI-2 Spring semester TDT4171 Methods in artificial intelligence. AI-1 Fall semester TDT 4136 Logic and reasoning systems. Course prehistory. Before. IT2702 Artificial Intelligence. TDT4170

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Overall course structure

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  1. Overall course structure AI Artificial Intelligence (A modern approach) AI-2 Spring semester TDT4171 Methods in artificial intelligence AI-1 Fall semester TDT 4136 Logic and reasoning systems

  2. Course prehistory Before IT2702 Artificial Intelligence TDT4170 Knowledge systems TDT 4125 Logic Now TDT4136 Logic and reasoning systems TDT4171 Methods in aerificial intelligence

  3. Levels of intelligence 7. Can A be alive (not allowed to be killed) ? 6. Can A have a (genuine) consciousness ? 5. Can A feel real feelings (pain,sorrow,happiness)? 4. Can A think ? 3. Can A reason ? 2. Can A deduce ? 1. Can A compute ? Replace A with human/child/embryo/ape/robot/computer What is your opinion ?

  4. Are you a carbon chauvinist ?

  5. What is intelligence ? Intelligence is the ability to solve new problems based on earlier experience.

  6. What is AI Artificial Intelligence is the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by man. (Prof. Marvin Minsky) AI is the study of how to make computers do things which at the moment people do better. (Prof. Elaine Rich) (Horizon effect: If it works, it is no longer AI)

  7. What is ”Artificial” TRACTOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Artificial horse ? HORSE INTELLIGENCE

  8. Artificial Intelligence versus Cognitive Science Although a computer can do logical reasoning, it does not mean that the computer is trying to simulate a human. In fact, computers can do logical reasoning better than humans. We can say, with a twist, that AI is the science of correct thinking, while CS is the science of incorrect thinking. (Errare humane est).

  9. LISP • List as universal data structure • Program = Data (= List) • Function oriented • Recursion • Automatic storage allocation • Programming environments Symbolic ProcessingProgramming Languages • PROLOG • Predicate logic as programming language • Prediacates as programs • Lists and terms as data structure • Built in search method for problem solving • ”European answer to LISP” • Chosen as basis for 5.generation computer project

  10. Knowledge Based Systems Knowledge Information about the word that allows an expert to solve problems Knowledge representation Information about the world that allows a computer to solve problems Knowledge base The collection of represented knowledge Knowledge based system System that solves problems based on represented knowledge. Expert system System that can solve problemson an expert level (anyhow)

  11. The Intelligence Pyramid Each level is a set of relations on the level below Wisdom Intelligence Knowledge Information Data Noise

  12. Example of classic KB system • MYCIN (1970) • Diagnose likely infecting organisms in blood and • meningitis infections • About 400 diagnostic rules • About 50 therapy rules

  13. What is understanding ?Searle’s Chinese Room Does the system understand Chinese ? Is the system conscious ? What if John has the rules in his head ?  John Rules

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