Monster Cows: Belgian Blue Cattle, 80% meat

1. Monster Cows: Belgian Blue Cattle, 80% meat

2. Dissections comparing normal, heterozygous, and homozygous mice

3. Myostatin • A growth factor (hormone) that surpresses muscle growth. • Slows down development of muscle stem cells • In 2002, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania showed that monoclonal antibody specific to myostatin improves the condition of mice with muscular dystrophy, presumably by blocking myostatin's action.

5. Carl Lewis • Ran 100 m in 9.86s • 1991 world record • Jumps over cars • 9 Gold Medals • Excellent example of Type II fast twitch muscle • Also a vegan • Outspoken, even damning of those who used performance enhancers. • Like Ben Johnson

6. Ben Johnson • Between 1968 and 1983 the 100m record was shaved by 0.04s • In one year Johnson beat it by 0.16s • 1988 Seoul Olympics • Johnson: 9.76 s • 27 mph • 45 strides • Ahead the whole time • Lewis sets an American record with 9.92s, but still second • Busted for doping

7. Johnson’s medal revoked and given to Lewis 5 years later in 2003 Lewis admits he was busted 3 times in 1988 for banned stimulants. He “thought they were herbal supplements” The U.S. Olympic committee found his ingestion to be, “inadvertant” Since it was after the 3 year statute of limitations he could keep his medals Stimulants could have masked more serious steroids from tests Johnson beating Lewis in ‘88 Back to Carl Lewis

8. Which leads to the question how do steroids work? • Androgenic: increasing masculine traits • Anabolic: building muscles as opposed to • Catabolic: breaking down nutrients

9. Jason Giambi

10. Barry Bonds

11. Sammy Sosa

12. Mark McGwire