The Digestive System

1. The Digestive System Digestion and Absorption Gross Anatomy Histology Function Secretions $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

2. Gross Anatomy: $100 Question • Out of a normal adult's 32 teeth, this many are molars: • a. 2 • b. 4 • c. 8 • d.12 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

3. Gross Anatomy: $100 Answer • Out of a normal adult's 32 teeth, this many are molars: • a. 2 • b. 4 • c. 8 • d.12 BACK TO GAME

4. Gross Anatomy: $200 Question • These bands of longitudinal smooth muscle run the length of the colon: • a. haustra • b. epiploic appendages • c. intestinal glands • d. teniae coli • e. vermiform appendixes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

5. Gross Anatomy: $200 Answer • These bands of longitudinal smooth muscle run the length of the colon: • a. haustra • b. epiploic appendages • c. intestinal glands • d. teniae coli • e. vermiform appendixes BACK TO GAME

6. Gross Anatomy: $300 Question • This is the largest pair of salivary glands, which produce mostly watery saliva: • a. laryngeal glands • b. parotid glands • c. pharyngeal glands • d. sublingual glands • e. submandibular glands ANSWER BACK TO GAME

7. Gross Anatomy: $300 Answer • This is the largest pair of salivary glands, which produce mostly watery saliva: • a. laryngeal glands • b. parotid glands • c. pharyngeal glands • d. sublingual glands • e. submandibular glands BACK TO GAME

8. Gross Anatomy: $400 Question • Given these structures:1. ascending colon2. descending colon3. sigmoid colon4. transverse colonChoose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order that food encounters them as it passes between the small intestine and the rectum. • a. 1,2,3,4 c. 2,3,1,4 • b. 1,4,2,3 d. 2,4,1,3 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

9. Gross Anatomy: $400 Answer • Given these structures:1. ascending colon2. descending colon3. sigmoid colon4. transverse colonChoose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order that food encounters them as it passes between the small intestine and the rectum. • a. 1,2,3,4 c. 2,3,1,4 • b. 1,4,2,3 d. 2,4,1,3 BACK TO GAME

10. Gross Anatomy: $500 Question • This best describes the major duodenal papilla: • a. a location for nutrient absorption in the duodenum • b. the opening for the accessory pancreatic duct in the duodenum • c. a large collection of villi in the jejunum • d. the opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla in the duodenum ANSWER BACK TO GAME

11. Gross Anatomy: $500 Answer • This best describes the major duodenal papilla: • a. a location for nutrient absorption in the duodenum • b. the opening for the accessory pancreatic duct in the duodenum • c. a large collection of villi in the jejunum • d. the opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla in the duodenum BACK TO GAME

12. Histology: $100 Question • This layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food that is consumed: • a. mucosa • b. muscularis • c. serosa • d. submucosa ANSWER BACK TO GAME

13. Histology: $100 Answer • This layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food that is consumed: • a. mucosa • b. muscularis • c. serosa • d. submucosa BACK TO GAME

14. Histology: $200 Question • This thick connective tissue layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels, small glands, and a nerve plexus: • a. mucosa layer • b. submucosa layer • c. muscularis layer • d. serosa (adventitia) layer ANSWER BACK TO GAME

15. Histology: $200 Answer • This thick connective tissue layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels, small glands, and a nerve plexus: • a. mucosa layer • b. submucosa layer • c. muscularis layer • d. serosa (adventitia) layer BACK TO GAME

16. Histology: $300 Question • This kind of epithelium lines the mouth, oropharynx, esophagus and anal canal: • a. simple squamous • b. stratified squamous • c. simple columnar • d. pseudostratified columnar ANSWER BACK TO GAME

17. Histology: $300 Answer • This kind of epithelium lines the mouth, oropharynx, esophagus and anal canal: • a. simple squamous • b. stratified squamous • c. simple columnar • d. pseudostratified columnar BACK TO GAME

18. Histology: $400 Question • These lymphatic capillaries are found in the villi of the small intestine: • a. lacteals • b. Peyer's patches • c. Crypts of Lieberkuhn • d. microvilli ANSWER BACK TO GAME

19. Histology: $400 Answer • These lymphatic capillaries are found in the villi of the small intestine: • a. lacteals • b. Peyer's patches • c. Crypts of Lieberkuhn • d. microvilli BACK TO GAME

20. Histology: $500 Question • This region of the large intestine has simple columnar epithelium in its tunica mucosa, smooth muscle in its tunica muscularis, and epiploic appendages attached to its outer surface: • a. cecum • b. colon • c. rectum • d. anal canal ANSWER BACK TO GAME

21. Histology: $500 Answer • This region of the large intestine has simple columnar epithelium in its tunica mucosa, smooth muscle in its tunica muscularis, and epiploic appendages attached to its outer surface: • a. cecum • b. colon • c. rectum • d. anal canal BACK TO GAME

22. Function: $100 Question • These muscular contractions move material through the digestive tract: • a. peristalsis • b. deglutition • c. mass movements • d. segmental contractions ANSWER BACK TO GAME

23. Function: $100 Answer • These muscular contractions move material through the digestive tract: • a. peristalsis • b. deglutition • c. mass movements • d. segmental contractions BACK TO GAME

24. Function: $200 Question • These muscles are all involved in mastication except: • a. masseter • b. temporalis • c. orbicularis oris • d. medial pterygoid • e. lateral pterygoid ANSWER BACK TO GAME

25. Function: $200 Answer • These muscles are all involved in mastication except: • a. masseter • b. temporalis • c. orbicularis oris • d. medial pterygoid • e. lateral pterygoid BACK TO GAME

26. Function: $300 Question • This best describes the function of bile: • a. is an important enzyme for the digestion of fats • b. is made by the gallbladder • c. contains breakdown products from hemoglobin • d. emulsifies fats • e. both c and d ANSWER BACK TO GAME

27. Function: $300 Answer • This best describes the function of bile: • a. is an important enzyme for the digestion of fats • b. is made by the gallbladder • c. contains breakdown products from hemoglobin • d. emulsifies fats • e. both c and d BACK TO GAME

28. Function: $400 Question • This statement best describes defecation: • a. can be initiated by stretch of the rectum • b. can occur as a result of mass movements • c. involves local reflexes • d. involves parasympathetic reflexes mediated by the spinal cord • e. all of the above ANSWER BACK TO GAME

29. Function: $400 Answer • This statement best describes defecation: • a. can be initiated by stretch of the rectum • b. can occur as a result of mass movements • c. involves local reflexes • d. involves parasympathetic reflexes mediated by the spinal cord • e. all of the above BACK TO GAME

30. Function: $500 Question • This occurs during deglutition (swallowing), • a. movement of food results primarily from gravity • b. the swallowing center in the medulla oblongata is activated • c. food is pushed into the oropharynx during the pharyngeal phase • d. the soft palate closes off the opening into the larynx ANSWER BACK TO GAME

31. Function: $500 Answer • This occurs during deglutition (swallowing), • a. movement of food results primarily from gravity • b. the swallowing center in the medulla oblongata is activated • c. food is pushed into the oropharynx during the pharyngeal phase • d. the soft palate closes off the opening into the larynx BACK TO GAME

32. Secretions:$100 Question • This secretion lubricates the food so it moves easily through the digestive tract and also protects the epithelium: • a. mucus • b. water • c. enzymes • d. hormones ANSWER BACK TO GAME

33. Secretions:$100 Answer • This secretion lubricates the food so it moves easily through the digestive tract and also protects the epithelium: • a. mucus • b. water • c. enzymes • d. hormones BACK TO GAME

34. Secretions: $200 Question • Saliva contains the digestive enzyme ________________, which breaks down starch into ________________. • a. amylase; glucose • b. pepsin; maltose • c. amylase, maltose • d. maltase, glucose ANSWER BACK TO GAME

35. Secretions: $200 Answer • Saliva contains the digestive enzyme ________________, which breaks down starch into ________________. • a. amylase; glucose • b. pepsin; maltose • c. amylase, maltose • d. maltase, glucose BACK TO GAME

36. Secretions: $300 Question • These cells in the gastric glands produce pepsinogen: • a. endocrine cells • b. mucous neck cells • c. chief or zymogenic cells • d. parietal or oxyntic cells ANSWER BACK TO GAME

37. Secretions: $300 Answer • These cells in the gastric glands produce pepsinogen: • a. endocrine cells • b. mucous neck cells • c. chief or zymogenic cells • d. parietal or oxyntic cells BACK TO GAME

38. Secretions: $400 Question • This is one of the major functions of bile salts: • a. break down fat to fatty acids and glycerol • b. emulsify fat to fatty droplets • c. break down fat to cholesterol and lecithin • d. emulsify fats to bilirubin ANSWER BACK TO GAME

39. Secretions: $400 Answer • This is one of the major functions of bile salts: • a. break down fat to fatty acids and glycerol • b. emulsify fat to fatty droplets • c. break down fat to cholesterol and lecithin • d. emulsify fats to bilirubin BACK TO GAME

40. Secretions:$500 Question • This is the major part of the aqueous component of pancreatic juice: • a. mucus • b. trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase • c. secretin • d. bicarbonate ions ANSWER BACK TO GAME

41. Secretions:$500 Answer • This is the major part of the aqueous component of pancreatic juice: • a. mucus • b. trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase • c. secretin • d. bicarbonate ions BACK TO GAME

42. Digestion and Absorption:$100 Question • This major transport lipoprotein is composed of 92% lipid and 8% protein: • a. Chylomicron • b. HDL (high-density lipoprotein) • c. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) • d. VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) ANSWER BACK TO GAME

43. Digestion and Absorption: $100 Answer • This major transport lipoprotein is composed of 92% lipid and 8% protein: • a. Chylomicron • b. HDL (high-density lipoprotein) • c. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) • d. VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) BACK TO GAME

44. Digestion and Absorption: $200 Question • Once chylomicrons leave the simple columnar epithelium of the small intestine, they diffuse into this: • a. capillaries • b. lacteals • c. arterioles • d. venules ANSWER BACK TO GAME

45. Digestion and Absorption: $200 Answer • Once chylomicrons leave the simple columnar epithelium of the small intestine, they diffuse into this: • a. capillaries • b. lacteals • c. arterioles • d. venules BACK TO GAME

46. Digestion and Absorption: $300 Question • All of these are enzymes digest protein except: • a. lipase • b. carboxypeptidase • c. chymotrypsin • d. pepsin • e. trypsin ANSWER BACK TO GAME

47. Digestion and Absorption: $300 Answer • All of these are enzymes digest protein except: • a. lipase • b. carboxypeptidase • c. chymotrypsin • d. pepsin • e. trypsin BACK TO GAME

48. Digestion and Absorption: $400 Question • This best describes micelles: • a. lipids surrounded by bile salts • b. produced by the pancreas • c. released into lacteals • d. stored in the gallbladder • e. reabsorbed in the colon ANSWER BACK TO GAME

49. Digestion and Absorption: $400 Answer • This best describes micelles: • a. lipids surrounded by bile salts • b. produced by the pancreas • c. released into lacteals • d. stored in the gallbladder • e. reabsorbed in the colon BACK TO GAME

50. Digestion and Absorption: $500 Question • After eating or drinking dairy products like cheese and milk, you have intestinal cramps, bloating and diarrhea. You most likely have this: • a. lactose intolerance • b. diabetes mellitus, Type I • c. heartburn • d. peritonitis ANSWER BACK TO GAME