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1. Women in AcademiaWorkshop „Gender Budgeting“Aarhus, 18. and 19. May 2009Dr. Andrea RotheFrauenakademie München Women‘s Academy Munichinfo@andrea-rothe.de Workshop: Gender Budgeting

2. Content 1. Hypothesis of the project 2. Some basic information about the project 3. Definition of Gender Budgeting 4. Analysis of the national framework for women and men in science in Austria, Germany and Poland 5. Analysis of the actual situation of women and men at the three cooperating universities 6. Analysis of the budgeting process at the cooperating universities 7. Development of instruments for Gender Budgeting at universities 8. Specific Support Actions: Knowledge transfer to universities 9. Recommendations Workshop: Gender Budgeting

3. 1. Hypothesis of the project There still exist structural disadvantages and a waste of female talent in science in Austria, Germany and Poland. The proportion of researchers of the total labour force is increasing but the gender gap between female and male scientists as well. Parallel to this situation Gender Mainstreaming has become an important issue in the debate on reforms for the higher education sector. EU called upon an action plan for the development of Gender Mainstreaming instruments in the scientific field and the implementation of a gender watch system. = Our EU project “Gender Budgeting as an instrument for managing scientific organisations to promote equal opportunities for women and men – with the example of universities” is embedded in this context. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

4. 2. Some basic information about the project Financed: within the 6. Framework programme of the EU Runtime: September 2006 – September 2008 Partners of the project: Germany: Research organisations: Women’s Academy Munich (Frauenakademie München) (also coordinator) SIM – Social Science Institute Munich (Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut München) Cooperating university: University of Augsburg Workshop: Gender Budgeting

5. 2. Some basic information about the project Partners of the project: Poland: Research organisation:Network East-West Women – NEWW-Polska Cooperating university: University of Gdansk Austria: Research organisation: Institute for Institutional and Heterodox Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration Cooperating university: Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration Workshop: Gender Budgeting

6. 3. What is Gender Budgeting? Definition of the Council of Europe which is also used by the European Union institutions: Gender budgeting is an application of gender mainstreaming in the budgetary process. It means a gender-based assessment of budgets, incorporating a gender perspective at all levels of the budgetary process and restructuring revenues and expenditures in order to promote gender equality. Council of Europe 2005, p. 10 and European Parliament resolution on gender budgeting - building public budgets from a gender perspective (2002/2198(INI)). Workshop: Gender Budgeting

7. 4. Analysis of the national framework Content: Analysis of the national framework for women and men in science in Austria, Poland and Germany with a special focus on the financing of the universities. Analysis of existing measures and budgeting instruments to improve gender equality in science. Results: Financing systems are very divers as to the financial autonomy of the universities. Gender equality measures do exit partly but do not correlate with the (un)equal participation of women and men in science. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

8. 4. Analysis of the national framework A D PL Equal treatment legislation (general) X X X Commitment to Gender Mainstreaming X X X Commitment to Gender Budgeting X National Committee on Women & Science X X Women & Science Unit in Research Ministry X X X Publication of sex-disaggregated statistics X X Development of gender equality indicators X X Gender balance targets: public committees X X Gender balance targets on university committees X X Gender Equality Plans in Univ. & Research Institutes X X Gender or Women Studies & Research at Universities X X Programmes on Women & Science, special funding available X X Nationwide centres on Women & Science X Gender equality measures in science by country Workshop: Gender Budgeting Source: European Commission, Community Research 2005, 11; revised and updated by the authors

9. 5. Analysis at the cooperating universities • Content: • Analysis of • the social situation of the women and men • laws, treaties and agreements which regulate the budget planning • management instruments • instruments for the improvement of gender equality and • quality of data which is collected in respect to its usability for a sex- differentiated analysis. • Results: • Budgeting at the universities is very divers as to transparency and to the participation of experts for gender equality. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

10. 6. Analysis of the budgeting process Content: Analysis of the formal and informal power and decision making structures in financial planning in a gender sensible way. Analysis of the influence of gender equality aspects on the budgeting planning process and vis versa. Results: Decline of democratic structures at the universities have a negative outcome on gender equality. Generally budgeting decision making is still male dominated. More and more financial matters are labelled as purely technical which is why political dimensions tend to be excluded. The concentration of power within the universities proves as a dis-advantage for the implementation of Gender Budgeting. Informal networks are very important in budgeting and tend to disadvantage women as they are often not included. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

11. 7. Development of instruments for GB Content: Development of strategies, instruments, gender sensitive objectives and indicators for Gender Budgeting on different levels, including thoughts about recent trends (e.g. the global competition and economisation of universities, the introduction of New Public Management) and their meaning for gender equality. Results: Gender Budgeting has different dimensions which have to be considered. Development of a steering cycle for budgeting with different phases which offer good starting points for gender budgeting. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

12. 7. Development of instruments for GB Steering cycle for budgeting Workshop: Gender Budgeting

13. 8. Specific Support Actions: Knowledge transfer • Content: • Transfer of the project findings into specific support actions for the universities to advance the implementation of Gender Budgeting. • Results Gdansk University: • At the Gdansk University the consciousness for gender equality is still small. Specific support actions for gender budgeting had to start with general awareness rising measures to improve the gender competence of the stakeholders. • Proposals for specific support actions of the project group were e.g. • A website at the university with information and blogs to discuss different topics of gender equality • More lectures on gender relevant topics • Akquisation of more EU-projects which integrate gender aspects Workshop: Gender Budgeting

14. 8. Specific Support Actions: Knowledge transfer • Results Vienna University for Economics: • The Vienna WU has a high general consciousness for gender equality and supported the project in the beginning. However, when it came to action they refused to do anything. • Proposals for specific support actions of the project group were e.g.: • Operationalisation and Implementation of gender equality objectives • Institutionalisation of institutions for promoting gender equality • a gender controlling system • a gender sensible system of financial incentives (with the help of indicators, agreements on objectives and financial incentives) • transparency of the Budgeting Process • institutionalisation and implementation of Gender Impact Assessment • integration of gender into the management instruments Workshop: Gender Budgeting

15. 8. Specific Support Actions: Knowledge transfer • Results University of Augsburg: • At the University of Augsburg the consciousness for the necessity to improve gender equality is high thanks to the strong position of the women’s representative and the support of the president and vice-president. • Proposals for specific support actions of the project group were e.g. • Cooperation in the integration of gender relevant factors in the new accounting system “Cost-Performance Equation” • Critical Reflection of the incentive systems of the university • Support in the formulation of gender sensitive agreements on objectives • Conference about the subject “Gender and Excellency in research and teaching“ • Improvement of the organisational and the communicative structures • Critical reflection of the performance-linked remunerationin order to avoid gender specific discriminations. Workshop: Gender Budgeting

16. 9. Recommendations • Recommendations to universities: • Sensitisation and awareness rising for gender equality in science • • Institutions for promoting gender equality • • Operationalisation and implementation of gender equality objectives • • Collect and publish sex-disaggregated data in a comprehensive way • • Institutionalisation and implementation of Gender Impact Assessment • • Gender-fair participation at all stages of the budgeting process • • Transparency of the budgeting process • • Integration of gender analysis and aspects into all accounting systems • • System of financial incentives (with the help of indicators and by agreements of objectives) • • Implementation of gender sensitive measures for a modified personnel recruiting • • Gender Controlling • • Including the gender dimension in any system of quality accreditation Workshop: Gender Budgeting

17. 9. Recommendations • Recommendations to the governments: • Implementation of a legal framework for gender equality • Implementation of gender equality policy and office at ministerial level • Collection of sex-disaggregated data • Implementation of gender objectives into performance agreements • Distribution of money by indicators • Introduction of Gender Budgeting in third party funding • Affirmative actions for the advancement of women in science Workshop: Gender Budgeting

18. 9. Recommendations • Recommendations for measures on EU level • Implementation of gender budgeting into all research activities of the EU • Further EU funded projects for the implementation of Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Budgeting in science • Establishment of a European gender accreditation system • Further development of the European database on sex-disaggregated statistics • Development of a set of common gender equality objectives throughout Europe • Putting gender equality as a top issue on the European agenda Workshop: Gender Budgeting

19. Workshop: Gender BudgetingThank you very much for your attention!Dr. Andrea RotheFrauenakademie Münchenwww.frauenakademie.deinfo@andrea-rothe.de Workshop: Gender Budgeting