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Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise

Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise. Background. Major Questions Why do people of both sexes and of different races and social classes tend to differ, even in childhood, in the kind and quality of jobs they wish for?

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Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise

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  1. Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise

  2. Background • Major Questions • Why do people of both sexes and of different races and social classes tend to differ, even in childhood, in the kind and quality of jobs they wish for? • Why do children seem to recreate the social inequalities among their elders long before they themselves experience any barriers to pursuing their dreams?

  3. Major Concepts • Self concept- the view we hold of ourselves both publicly and privately • Images of Occupations- occupational stereotypes we hold • Cognitive maps- organized images of occupations • Dimensions of cognitive maps • Masculinity-femininity • Occupational prestige • Field work • Occupational aspirations- joint product of assessment of compatibility and accessibility

  4. Major Concepts • Social space- the zone of acceptable alternatives in each person’s cognitive major of occupations • Circumscription- the process of narrowing down territory when making a decision about social space or acceptable alternatives • 5 Principles of Circumscription • 1. Increasing capacity for abstraction • 2.Interactive development of self an aspirations • 3. Overlapping differentiation and incorporation • 4. Progressive elimination • 5. Taken for granted and lost to sight

  5. Major Concepts • Circumscription continued • Stages of Circumscription • Orientation to size and power (ages 3-5) • Orientation to sex roles (ages 6-8) • Orientation to social valuation (ages 9-13) • Orientation to the internal, unique self (age 14+) • Compromise- the process by which youngsters begin to relinquish their most preferred alternatives for less compatible ones they perceive as obtainable

  6. Empirical Support • Lapan and Jingeleski (1992) • confirmed the concept of social space • Sastre and Mullet (1992) • confirmed variables related to occupational aspirations • Conoley and Scheel (1994) • found social space increased up through age 17

  7. Clinical Implications • 5 developmental criteria to examine • The client can name 1 or more career alternatives • The client’s interests and abilities are sufficient • The client is satisfied with choices • The client has not restricted alternatives unnecessarily • The client is aware of opportunities and the necessary requirements to obtain those opportunities

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