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Mobile phones for good governance – scaling-up issues

Johan Hellström johan@upgraid.org. Mobile phones for good governance – scaling-up issues. World Bank Workshop on Mobile Innovations for Social and Economic Transformation: From Pilots to Scaled-up Implementation September 16, 2009. what is good governance?.

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Mobile phones for good governance – scaling-up issues

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  1. Johan Hellström johan@upgraid.org Mobile phones for good governance – scaling-up issues World Bank Workshop on Mobile Innovations for Social and Economic Transformation: From Pilots to Scaled-up Implementation September 16, 2009

  2. Johan Hellström UPGRAID what is good governance? • relationships between three actors: state, market and civil society • three main concepts: • state capability: the ability to get things done • accountability: institutionalised relationships • responsiveness: to act on identified needs and wants of the citizens (DFID, 2006)‏ • role of information and communication

  3. Johan Hellström UPGRAID why mobile phones? • useful tool with huge potential • access • reach • adoption • interaction • costs • efficiency • no other option?

  4. Johan Hellström UPGRAID what is m-governance? • mobile phones for good governance •  m-government • interaction, reaction, action • bottom up participation • empowerment

  5. Johan Hellström UPGRAID examples from East Africa • government news / information updates • law enforcement / safety • employment services • agriculture services • health projects • financial services • crises management • education services • mobilisation, empowerment

  6. Johan Hellström UPGRAID the Kampala riots • 21 dead, 96 injured, +550 arrested • radio stations closed down, TV shows censored, networks jammed, public transportation down • asynchronous, biased information • Twitter: #kampala • www.ugandawitness.net (Ushahidi.com)‏ • Government sending texts to reassure people? • "Dear Ugandans, our city is safe. Do not be intimidated or alarmed by hooligans. Today is a normal working day. For God and my Country"

  7. Johan Hellström UPGRAID huge potential, but... • why are there so many pilots and yet so few that have been scaled-up? • why do many projects start from scratch instead of building on existing solutions? • why are there many subscribers but yet so few users of existing applications?

  8. Johan Hellström UPGRAID identified challenges • infrastructure • limited network coverage, network quality, electricity issues • funding and affordability • pricing sensitivity, innovative business models and billing plans, total cost of ownership • content • creation, management and relevance

  9. Johan Hellström UPGRAID identified challenges • surrounding supporting systems • trouble shooting, capacity building, user uptake, language and literacy issues • existence of an enabling environment • laws, policies, regulation • other challenges • segmentation, market strategies • lack of documentation and collaboration

  10. Johan Hellström UPGRAID policies and regulation in East Africa • deregulated market • fairly levelled playing field • ICT policies and regulatory regimes are currently being harmonised in EA • innovation ↔ regulation • powerful operators • customer care

  11. Johan Hellström UPGRAID scaling-up definitions • ”to efficiently increase the socioeconomic impact from small to a large scale of coverage” (World Bank/Hancock, 2003)‏ • a process and an outcome • scaling-up: (Jain and Brown, 2000)‏ • expanding coverage and organisational size • increasing activities • broadening indirect impact • enhancing organisational sustainability

  12. Johan Hellström UPGRAID vertical/horizontal regional/global  national  local  more  family/kin/ more communities neighbours communities

  13. Johan Hellström UPGRAID 2 other approaches • universalist: universal generalisations that can be replicated, directly expanded, or adopted elsewhere with a simple set of rules • examples? • contextualist: tailor made to address context-specific conditions • examples?

  14. Johan Hellström UPGRAID scaling up – success factors • design phase • too many solutions looking for problems? • do the homework • end-user driven (needs)‏ • fit into already existing patterns • consider open standards/content • involve right stakeholders from the start and use local capacity

  15. Johan Hellström UPGRAID scaling up – success factors • implementation phase • viable business model / predictable funding flows • involve end-users in content creation where applicable • educate the end-user • proper marketing • critical mass • time

  16. Johan Hellström UPGRAID scaling up - conclusion • design itself should have scale in mind • don't be afraid of failures • pilots scaling-up? • away from projects a service delivery approach • documentation is key

  17. Johan Hellström UPGRAID finally... • m-government  m-governance • penetration  usage • usage impact • scale success

  18. Johan Hellström johan@upgraid.org Thank you! www.upgraid.com www.dsv.su.se

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