After the Sale

1. After the Sale Design for Supportability (Serviceability) Supportability & Serviceability

2. The Roadmap • Definition and explanation of logistics and supportability • The elements of logistics and system support • Supply chain factors • Transportation and packaging factors • Warehousing and distribution factors Supportability & Serviceability

3. Definition of Supportability • Definition: Supportability refers to the inherent characteristics of design and installation that enable the effective and efficient maintenance and support of the system throughout the life cycle. Supportability & Serviceability

4. Definition of SupportabilityContinued… • Objective:To address not only the incorporation of reliability and maintainability characteristics in the design of the prime elements, but the design of the support infrastructure that is responsive to the demands of the prime elements. Supportability & Serviceability

5. Overall Logistics Cycle • Definition of Logistics: Iterative approach to the management and technical activities necessary to, • Develop support requirements. • Acquire the required support. • Provide required support at minimum cost. Supportability & Serviceability

6. Overall Logistics CycleContinued… • First segment of overall logistics:includes the procurement, distribution, transportation, warehousing, and ultimate delivery to the customer. • Second segment of overall logistics: when system fails and items needs to be returned for intermediate-level and depot level. Supportability & Serviceability

7. Elements of Support Maintenance personnel Maintenance planning Support equipment Training & Training support Supply support Integrated logistics support Maintenance facilities Technical data Information systems, & Database structures. Packaging, handling storage,& transportation Design Interface Computer resources Supportability & Serviceability

8. Elements of Support Continued… • Maintenance personnel: Installation, checkout, and sustaining support and maintenance. • Training and training support : For system operator and maintenance personnel for Life cycle. • Supply Support: Spares, repairable, non-repairable, consumables, special supplies etc. Supportability & Serviceability

9. Elements of SupportContinued… • Support Equipment: Tools, condition monitoring, diagnostic, checkout, special test, calibration equipments etc. • Computer Resources: Software necessary to support scheduled and unscheduled maintenance. • Packaging, handling, storage, and transportation: Special provisions, containers and supplies necessary. Supportability & Serviceability

10. Elements of SupportContinued… • Maintenance Facilities : Includes facilities to support all the scheduled and unscheduled maintenance actions at all the levels. • Technical data, information systems, database structure: Includes system installations, checkout procedure, operating and maintenance instructions, modification instructions etc. Supportability & Serviceability

11. Measure of Supportability Supply Chain Factors are • Capability: The ability to accomplish all of the functions required. • Availability: The ability to respond to any, or all, of the requirements at any point in time when needed. • Quality: The process responsiveness in terms of stated customer objectives. Supportability & Serviceability

12. Transportation Measures Factors for evaluating the effectiveness of transportation are • Transportation routes • Transportation capacity or capability • Transportation time • Transportation cost Supportability & Serviceability

13. Transportation MeasuresContinued… Figure 15.5 The various forms of transportation. Rail transportation Rail-truck (piggyback) Trailer-on-flatcar Container-on-flatcar Highway transportation Truck-water (fishyback) Roll-on/roll-off Container-on-ship Water transportation Rail-water Train-on-ship Container-on-ship Air transportation Air-truck Truck-on-aircraft Container-on-aircraft Pipeline transportation Supportability & Serviceability

14. Packaging Measures • Availability: transportation capability will be available when required. • Reliability: it will complete its mission as planned. • Time: transport a product from on point to another. • Cost: the cost of transportation or per one-way trip. Supportability & Serviceability

15. Packaging MeasuresContinued… • Maintainability: applicable transportation capability can be required within specified time and resources in the event of a failure. • Life-cycle cost (LCC): the cost of a given transportation capability for a designated period of time. Supportability & Serviceability

16. Warehousing and Distribution Measure The basic functions of warehousing are • Movement • Storage • Information transfer Supportability & Serviceability

17. Warehousing and Distribution Measure Continued… The movement function: • Receiving: the unloading of goods and products from an inbound carrier. • Transfer: the physical movement of products into the warehouse for storage. • Order picking: the selection of products from storage in response to customer orders. Supportability & Serviceability

18. Warehousing and Distribution Measure Continued… • Cross-docking: the movement of products directly from the inbound receiving dock to the outbound shipping dock. • Shipping: the packing, loading on an outbound carrier, and shipment of products to the desired customer destinations. Supportability & Serviceability

19. Types of Warehouses • Private & Public warehouses • General merchandise warehouses • Commodity warehouses • Bulk-storage warehouses • Bonded warehouses • Temperature-controlled warehouses • Houshold goods warehouses Supportability & Serviceability

20. The metrics in Warehousing • Time that it takes to ship a product • Cost of product shipment – from storage to customer • Cost of storage • Percentage of space utilization • Volume of product handled Supportability & Serviceability

21. Spares, repair parts and related inventory factors • The inventories associated should be able to supply spare parts for unscheduled as well as scheduled maintenance actions • The required inventory of spares depends on system maintenance concept and specific type and quantities are identified for each level of maintenance Supportability & Serviceability

22. Factors affecting quantity of spares • Spare and repair parts covering actual item replacements occurring as a result of corrective & preventive maintenance • Additional stock level of spares to compensate for repairable items in the process of undergoing maintenance Supportability & Serviceability

23. Factors affecting quantity of sparescontinued…….. • Additional stock level of spares to compensate for the procurement lead times for item acquisition • Additional Stock level of spares to compensate for the condemnation of scrap age or repairable items Supportability & Serviceability

24. Inventory system considerations • Too much inventory to meet all demands leads to increased cost of maintaining the inventory • Lack of appropriate inventory will lead to stock depletion and the system not being operational leading to higher costs • Optimum balance between inventory on hand, procurement frequency and procurement quantity is needed Supportability & Serviceability

25. Procurement lead time Reorder cycle Peak Inventory Consumption Consumption Receipts, Q Receipts, Q Operating level Quantity of items in stock Order Point Order Point Safety stock Zero stock Periods of time, days General deterministic inventory system geometry Supportability & Serviceability

26. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) See Pages 257-263 • Q* is called EOQ Supportability & Serviceability

27. Design review and evaluation Design reviews are done to ensure • Prime-mission related elements are designed to be supportable in an effective and efficient manner • Design of logistics and maintenance support infrastructure adequately responds in fulfilling all system requirements Supportability & Serviceability

28. Design review and evaluationcontinued……. 3. If requirements are met, the design is approved and the program enters into the next phase • If requirements are not met ,the appropriate changes are initiated for corrective action Supportability & Serviceability

29. Supportability & Serviceability

30. Fig. 15.10 Supportability & Serviceability

31. Supportability Analysis • The supportability analysis (SA) constitutes the integration and application of different analytical techniques/methods to solve a wide variety of problems. • SA is the process employed on an iterative basis throughout system design and development that addresses the issue of supportability Supportability & Serviceability

32. Supportability Analysiscontinued….. • SA aids in the evaluation of prime equipment design characteristics in terms of logistic support requirements. • SA aids in the evaluation of alternative repair policies allowable within the constraints dictated by the maintenance concept. Supportability & Serviceability

33. Objectives of SA • Initially influence the design of a given system • Aid in the identification of the logistics and maintenance support resources based on the assumed design configuration at the time • Aid in the initial establishment of supportability requirements during conceptual design • Aid in the early establishment of supportability design criteria Supportability & Serviceability

34. Objectives of SAcontinued…. • Aid in the process of synthesis, analysis, and design optimization through accomplishment of trade off studies and evaluation of various design alternatives • Aid in the evaluation of a given design configuration relative to the determining specific logistics and maintenance support resource requirements • Aid in the measurement and evaluation or assessment of an operating system Supportability & Serviceability

35. Supportability & Serviceability

36. CALS • Continuous Acquisition and Life cycle Support • CALS pertains to the application of computerized technology in the development and processing of data primarily in a digital format, with the objectives of • reducing preparation and processing times, eliminating redundancies, • shortening the system acquisition process, and • reducing the overall program costs Supportability & Serviceability

37. Objective to develop integrated system database • Serve as a repository for all logistics and related data evolving from the supportability analysis • Provide the necessary information at the right time and in the proper format in response to the reporting requirements for specific programs Supportability & Serviceability

38. Summary • In order to provide logistics and maintenance support infrastructure that can effectively and efficiently support the applicable system throughout the life cycle, • The functions and activities related to supportability should be addressed from a total integrated overall systems perspective Supportability & Serviceability

39. Summarycontinued….. • The logistics and maintenance infrastructure be considered as a significant element of the system in question • The infrastructure be addressed with the system engineering design process from the conceptual design phase. Supportability & Serviceability